10-Q – 2026-05-08 – ewbc-20260331.htm

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM  10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number  000-24939

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

95-4703316
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

135 North Los Robles Ave. , 7th Floor , Pasadena , California 91101
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
( 626 )  768-6000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  

Title of each class Trading
Symbol(s) Name of each exchange
 on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share EWBC The Nasdaq Global Select Market

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ☒ No ☐

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes ☒ No ☐

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

    If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes  ☐  No ☒
    Number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s common stock on the latest practicable date: 136,996,262 shares as of April 30, 2026 .

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
FORWARD-LOOKING S TATEMENTS
3

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
4

Item 1.
Consolidated Financial Statements
4

Consolidated Balance Sheet (Unaudited)
4

Consolidated Statement of Income (Unaudited)
5

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
6

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
7

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
8

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
10

   1 — Basis of Presentation and Current Accounting Developments
10

   2 — Fair Value Measurement and Fair Value of Financial Instruments
11

   3 — Securities Purchased under Resale Agreements and Sold under Repurchase Agreements
18

   4 — Securities
20

   5 — Derivatives
27

   6 — Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
33

   7 — Affordable Housing Partnership, Tax Credit and Community Reinvestment Act Investments , Net
48

8 — Federal Home Loan Bank Advances and Long-Term Debt
49

9 — Commitments and Contingencies
50

10 — Stock Compensation Plans
51

11 — Stockholders’ Equity and Earnings Per Share
53

12 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
53

13 — Business Segments
54

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
57

Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
93

Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
93

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
94

Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
94

Item 1A.
Risk Factors
94

Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
94

Item 5.
Other Information
94

Item 6.
Exhibits
95

GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS
96

SIGNATURE
97

2

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain matters discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contain “forward-looking statements” intended to be covered by the safe harbor for such statements provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. East West Bancorp, Inc. (referred to herein on an unconsolidated basis as “East West” and on a consolidated basis as the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “EWBC”) may make forward-looking statements in other documents that it files with, or furnishes to, the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and management may make forward-looking statements to analysts, investors, media members and others. Forward-looking statements are those that do not relate to historical facts and that are based on current assumptions, beliefs, estimates, expectations and projections, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond the Company’s control. Forward-looking statements may relate to various matters, including the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance, business or industry, and usually can be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “anticipates,” “assumes,” “believes,” “can,” “continues,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “goal,” “intends,” “likely,” “may,” “might,” “objective,” “plans,” “potential,” “projects,” “remains,” “should,” “target,” “trend,” “will,” “would” or similar expressions or variations thereof, and the negative thereof, although these terms are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, as they are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties.

Factors that might cause future results to differ materially from historical performance and any forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

• changes in local, regional and global business, economic and political conditions, and natural or geopolitical events;
• the soundness of other financial institutions and the impacts related to or resulting from bank failures and other industry volatility, including potential increased regulatory requirements, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance premiums and assessments, and deposit withdrawals;
• changes in trade, tariff, tax, monetary and fiscal policies;
• changes in immigration laws and enforcement practices, or travel and visa related policies;
• current or potential disputes between the U.S., the People’s Republic of China and other countries;
• armed conflict involving Iran or heightened geopolitical tensions in other regions, including resulting oil price volatility and energy and other supply disruptions;
• changes in the commercial and consumer real estate markets;
• changes in consumer or commercial spending, savings and borrowing habits, patterns and behaviors;
• the Company’s ability to compete effectively against financial institutions and other entities, including as a result of emerging technologies;
• the success and timing of the Company’s business strategies;
• the Company’s ability to retain key officers and employees;
• changes in market interest rates, competition, regulatory requirements and product mix;
• changes in the Company’s costs of operation, compliance and expansion;
• disruption, failure in, or breach of, the Company’s operational or security systems or infrastructure, or those of third-party vendors with which the Company does business, including as a result of cyber-attacks, and the disclosure or misuse of confidential information;
• the adequacy of the Company’s risk management framework;
• future credit quality and performance, including expectations regarding future credit losses and allowance levels;
• adverse changes to the Company’s credit ratings;
• legal proceedings, regulatory investigations and their resolution;
• the Company’s capital requirements and its ability to generate capital internally or raise capital on favorable terms;
• the impact on the Company’s liquidity due to changes in its ability to receive dividends from subsidiaries;
• any strategic acquisitions or divestitures; and
• the introduction of new or expanded products and services or other events that may directly or indirectly result in a negative impact on the financial performance of the Company and its customers.

For a more detailed discussion of some of the factors that might cause future results to differ materially from historical performance and any forward-looking statements, see the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on February 27, 2026 under the heading Item 1A. Risk Factors and the Company’s subsequent filings with the SEC. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and are based solely on information then actually known to the Company. The Company does not undertake, and expressly disclaims, any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements, except as required by law.
3

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
($ in thousands, except shares)
(Unaudited)

March 31,
2026 December 31,
2025

ASSETS
Cash and due from banks $ 657,076   $ 656,125  
Interest-bearing cash with banks 3,781,794   3,532,014  
Cash and cash equivalents 4,438,870   4,188,139  
Interest-bearing deposits with banks 10,498   16,189  
Securities purchased under resale agreements (“resale agreements”) 425,000   425,000  
Debt securities:
Available-for-sale (“AFS”), at fair value (amortized cost of $ 14,546,038 and $ 13,619,781 )
14,093,483   13,212,220  
Held-to-maturity (“HTM”), at amortized cost (fair value of $ 2,453,003 and $ 2,479,746 )
2,858,978   2,870,058  

Loans held-for-sale 27,585   20,976  
Loans held-for-investment (net of allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) of $ 835,874 and $ 809,773 )
57,264,875   56,068,399  
Affordable housing partnership, tax credit and Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) investments, net 983,976   969,492  

Premises and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of $ 178,189 and $ 175,297 )
177,813   82,310  

Operating lease right-of-use assets 134,129   125,407  
Goodwill 465,697   465,697  
Other assets 2,005,248   1,991,110  
TOTAL $ 82,886,152   $ 80,434,997  
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing $ 17,480,959   $ 16,697,099  
Interest-bearing 51,438,596   50,385,602  
Total deposits 68,919,555   67,082,701  

Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances 3,000,000   3,000,000  
Securities sold under repurchase agreements (“repurchase agreements”)
494,027   —  
Long-term debt and finance lease liabilities 35,545   35,645  
Operating lease liabilities 148,731   138,206  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 1,288,859   1,279,243  
Total liabilities 73,886,717   71,535,795  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 9)

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock, $ 0.001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 171,054,988 and 170,487,574 shares issued
171   170  
Additional paid-in capital 2,131,219   2,111,316  
Retained earnings 8,547,820   8,301,522  
Treasury stock, at cost 34,075,876 and 32,908,712 shares
( 1,291,555 ) ( 1,168,196 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCI”), net of tax ( 388,220 ) ( 345,610 )
Total stockholders’ equity 8,999,435   8,899,202  
TOTAL $ 82,886,152   $ 80,434,997  

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME
($ and shares in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31,
2026 2025
INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME
Loans receivable, including fees $ 858,878   $ 840,412  
Debt securities 160,178   147,784  

Resale agreements
1,625   1,610  
Restricted equity securities 4,978   2,859  
Interest-bearing cash and deposits with banks 29,851   39,137  
Total interest and dividend income 1,055,510   1,031,802  
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits 355,412   391,981  
Federal funds purchased and other short-term borrowings 4   6  
FHLB advances 25,004   38,866  
Repurchase agreements 3,290   77  
Long-term debt and finance lease liabilities 607   671  
Total interest expense 384,317   431,601  
Net interest income before provision for credit losses 671,193   600,201  
Provision for credit losses 36,000   49,000  
Net interest income after provision for credit losses 635,193   551,201  
NONINTEREST INCOME

Commercial and consumer deposit-related fees
30,619   27,075  
Lending and loan servicing fees
26,070   26,230  
Foreign exchange income 15,447   15,837  
Wealth management fees 22,260   13,679  
Customer derivative income and derivative mark-to-market adjustments
5,529   4,069  

Net gains on AFS debt securities 616   131  

Other investment income 2,956   2,262  
Other (loss) income ( 941 ) 2,819  
Total noninterest income 102,556   92,102  
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Compensation and employee benefits 172,665   146,435  
Occupancy and equipment expense 18,248   15,689  

Computer and software related expenses 14,747   13,314  
Deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments 8,859   10,385  

Deposit account expense 7,533   9,042  
Other real estate owned (“OREO”) (income) expense
( 264 ) 4,166  
Other operating expense 36,542   37,375  
Amortization of tax credit and CRA investments 21,984   15,742  

Total noninterest expense 280,314   252,148  
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES 457,435   391,155  
Income tax expense
99,639   100,885  
NET INCOME $ 357,796   $ 290,270  
Earnings per share (“EPS”)
- Basic $ 2.59   $ 2.10  
- Diluted $ 2.57   $ 2.08  
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding

- Basic 138,054   138,201  
- Diluted 138,919   139,291  

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

5

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
($ in thousands)
(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31,
2026 2025
Net income $ 357,796   $ 290,270  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Net changes in unrealized (losses) gains on AFS debt securities ( 33,041 ) 57,285  

Amortization of unrealized losses on debt securities transferred from AFS to HTM 2,521   2,692  
Net changes in unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges ( 16,176 ) 31,280  
Foreign currency translation adjustments 4,086   ( 1,012 )
Other comprehensive (loss) income ( 42,610 ) 90,245  
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME $ 315,186   $ 380,515  

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

6

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
($ in thousands, except shares and per share data)
(Unaudited)

Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital
Shares Amount Retained Earnings Treasury Stock AOCI, Net of Tax Total Stockholders’ Equity
BALANCE, JANUARY 1, 2025 138,437,299   $ 2,030,882   $ 7,311,542   $ ( 1,034,110 ) $ ( 585,260 ) $ 7,723,054  

Net income —  —  290,270   —  —  290,270  
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  90,245   90,245  
Issuance of common stock pursuant to various stock compensation plans and agreements 476,708   13,186   —  —  —  13,186  
Repurchase of common stock pursuant to various stock compensation plans and agreements ( 193,569 ) —  —  ( 17,747 ) —  ( 17,747 )
Repurchase of common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program ( 918,349 ) —  —  ( 85,442 ) —  ( 85,442 )
Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.60 per share)
—  —  ( 84,101 ) —  —  ( 84,101 )
BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2025 137,802,089   $ 2,044,068   $ 7,517,711   $ ( 1,137,299 ) $ ( 495,015 ) $ 7,929,465  
BALANCE, JANUARY 1, 2026 137,578,862   $ 2,111,486   $ 8,301,522   $ ( 1,168,196 ) $ ( 345,610 ) $ 8,899,202  

Net income —  —  357,796   —  —  357,796  
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  ( 42,610 ) ( 42,610 )
Issuance of common stock pursuant to various stock compensation plans and agreements 567,414   19,904   —  —  —  19,904  
Repurchase of common stock pursuant to various stock compensation plans and agreements ( 229,454 ) —  —  ( 24,539 ) —  ( 24,539 )
Repurchase of common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program ( 937,710 ) —  —  ( 98,820 ) —  ( 98,820 )
Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.80 per share)
—  —  ( 111,498 ) —  —  ( 111,498 )
BALANCE, MARCH 31, 2026 136,979,112   $ 2,131,390   $ 8,547,820   $ ( 1,291,555 ) $ ( 388,220 ) $ 8,999,435  

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

7

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
($ in thousands)
(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31,
2026 2025
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income $ 357,796   $ 290,270  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
   
Provision for credit losses 36,000   49,000  
Depreciation, amortization and accretion, net
62,393   49,440  

Stock compensation costs 19,837   13,186  
Deferred income tax benefit
( 299 ) ( 22,453 )

Net gains on AFS debt securities ( 616 ) ( 131 )
Net (gains) losses on OREO write-downs and sales
( 2,005 ) 4,221  

Loans held-for-sale:
Originations
( 701 ) —  
Proceeds from sales and paydowns/payoffs of loans originally classified as held-for-sale 361   —  

Net change in accrued interest receivable and other assets ( 19,815 ) 11,999  
Net change in accrued expenses and other liabilities ( 28,051 ) ( 117,443 )
Other operating activities, net 3,728   ( 203 )
Total adjustments 70,832   ( 12,384 )
Net cash provided by operating activities 428,628   277,886  
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES    
Net (increase) decrease in:    
Affordable housing partnership, tax credit and CRA investments ( 46,870 ) ( 75,519 )
Interest-bearing deposits with banks 6,479   15,458  

AFS debt securities:
Proceeds from sales 276,114   108,232  
Proceeds from repayments, maturities and redemptions 620,362   663,906  
Purchases ( 1,822,755 ) ( 2,236,267 )

Loans held-for-investment:
Proceeds from sales of loans originally classified as held-for-investment 106,087   36,206  
Purchases ( 250,646 ) ( 224,459 )
Other changes in loans held-for-investment, net ( 1,078,413 ) ( 346,052 )

Purchases of premises and equipment, net
( 99,046 ) ( 2,506 )
Proceeds from sales of OREO 16,034   8,695  

Proceeds from repayments and redemptions of HTM debt securities 14,743   15,952  
Redemption of FHLB stock, net
195   —  
Other investing activities, net 2,663   884  
Net cash used in investing activities ( 2,255,053 ) ( 2,035,470 )

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

8

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
($ in thousands)
(Unaudited)
(Continued)

Three Months Ended March 31,
2026 2025
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES    
Net change in deposits
1,815,576   ( 126,497 )

FHLB advances:
Borrowings
200,000   1,000,000  
Repayments ( 300,000 ) ( 1,000,000 )
Net change in short-term FHLB advances
100,000   —  
Net change in repurchase agreements 494,027   270,111  

Repayment of lease liabilities
( 210 ) ( 209 )
Common stock:

Stock tendered for payment of withholding taxes ( 25,162 ) ( 17,747 )
Repurchase of common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program ( 97,842 ) ( 85,442 )
Cash dividends paid ( 113,956 ) ( 85,893 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
2,072,433   ( 45,677 )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 4,723   803  
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 250,731   ( 1,802,458 )
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD 4,188,139   5,250,742  
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD $ 4,438,870   $ 3,448,284  

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest $ 390,354   $ 434,683  
Income taxes, net $ 15,383   $ 19,340  
Noncash investing and financing activities:

Loans transferred from held-for-investment to held-for-sale $ 117,081   $ 36,194  

Loans transferred to OREO $ 8,004   $ 6,598  

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

9

EAST WEST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation and Current Accounting Developments

East West Bancorp, Inc. (referred to herein on an unconsolidated basis as “East West” and on a consolidated basis as the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “EWBC”) is a registered bank holding company that offers a full range of banking services to individuals and businesses through its subsidiary bank, East West Bank and its subsidiaries (“East West Bank” or the “Bank”). The unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) include the accounts of East West, East West Bank and East West’s subsidiaries. All i ntercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in accordance with United States (“U.S.”) Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), applicable guidelines prescribed by regulatory authorities and general practices in the banking industry. While the unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for fair presentation, they primarily serve to update the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the U.S. SEC on February 27, 2026 (the “Company’s 2025 Form 10-K”), and may not include all the information and notes necessary to constitute a complete set of financial statements. Accordingly, they should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2025 Form 10-K.

The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements, income and expenses during the reporting periods, and the related disclosures. Although our estimates consider current conditions and how we expect them to change in the future, it is reasonably possible that actual results could be materially different from those estimates. Hence, the current period’s results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any future interim period or for the year as a whole. Certain items on the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes for the prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Events subsequent to the Consolidated Balance Sheet date have been evaluated through the date the Consolidated Financial Statements are issued for inclusion in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Yet to be Adopted

Standard Required Date of Adoption Description Effect on Financial Statements
Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2025-09, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) : Hedge Accounting Improvements
January 1, 2027

Early adoption is permitted.
ASU 2025-09 addresses five specific matters:

1. Broadens the set of hedged risk that may be combined within a group of individual forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge.
2. Enables entities to apply cash flow hedge accounting on “choose-your-rate” debt.
3. Broadens situations where hedge accounting can be applied to forecasted purchases and sales of nonfinancial assets.
4. Removes the requirement to perform net written option assessment for a compound derivative when it is designated as a hedging instrument.
5. In the case of a dual hedge where a foreign-currency-denominated debt instrument is designated as the hedging instrument in a net investment hedge and a hedged item in a fair value of interest rate risk, the ASU requires the debt instruments’ fair value-hedge basis adjustment be excluded when performing the net investment hedge effectiveness assessment.

This guidance must be applied prospectively for all hedging relationships.
The Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

10

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Yet to be Adopted (Continued)

Standard Required Date of Adoption Description Effect on Financial Statements

ASU No. 2025-08, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326)
January 1, 2027

Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2025-08 broadens the population of financial assets that are within scope of the gross up approach under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 326 to include purchased seasoned loans which are defined as:

• Non-Purchased Credit Deteriorated (“PCD”) loans that are obtained in a business combination.
• Non-PCD loans that are (1) obtained in an asset acquisition or upon consolidation of a VIE that is not a business and (2) are acquired more than 90 days after their origination date by a transferee that was not involved in their origination.

The guidance also introduces an accounting policy election to use the amortized cost basis of the asset rather than the discounted cash flow analysis to subsequently measure the credit losses on purchased seasoned loans.

The new guidance is not applicable to credit card loans, ASC 606 receivables, or debt securities. The guidance must be applied prospectively.
The Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): D isaggregation of Income Statement Expenses
December 31, 2027

Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2024-03 requires public companies to disclose, in interim and annual reporting periods, additional information about certain expenses in the notes to financial statements. Disclosures of disaggregated expenses include the following:

• The amounts of (a) purchases of inventory; (b) employee compensation; (c) depreciation; (d) intangible asset amortization; and (e) depreciation, depletion and amortization of capitalized costs related to oil- and gas-producing activities in each relevant expense caption.
• A qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively.
The Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Note 2 — Fair Value Measurement and Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Under applicable accounting standards, the Company measures a portion of its assets and liabilities at fair value. These assets and liabilities are predominantly recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. At times, certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, they are subject to fair value adjustments only as required through the application of an accounting method such as lower of cost or fair value or write-down of individual assets. The Company categorizes its assets and liabilities into three levels based on the established fair value hierarchy and conducts a review of fair value hierarchy classifications on a quarterly basis. For more information regarding the fair value hierarchy and how the Company measures fair value, see Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Significant Accounting Policies — Fair Value to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2025 Form 10-K.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

For additional information regarding the valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as their general classification within the fair value hierarchy, see Note 2 — Fair Value Measurement and Fair Value of Financial Instruments to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2025 Form 10-K.

11

The following tables present financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
as of March 31, 2026
($ in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Fair Value
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities $ 1,237,787   $ —   $ —   $ 1,237,787  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities —   255,863   —   255,863  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities (1) :

Commercial mortgage-backed securities —   250,662   —   250,662  
Residential mortgage-backed securities —   10,844,437   —   10,844,437  
Municipal securities —   237,959   —   237,959  
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities:
Commercial mortgage-backed securities —   174,870   —   174,870  
Residential mortgage-backed securities —   373,497   —   373,497  
Corporate debt securities —   447,583   —   447,583  
Foreign government bonds —   240,395   —   240,395  
Asset-backed securities —   30,430   —   30,430  

Total AFS debt securities $ 1,237,787   $ 12,855,696   $ —   $ 14,093,483  

Affordable housing partnership, tax credit and CRA investments, net:
Equity securities $ 22,112   $ 4,294   $ —   $ 26,406  
Total affordable housing partnership, tax credit and CRA investments, net $ 22,112   $ 4,294   $ —   $ 26,406  

Other assets:

Equity securities
$ 543   $ —   $ —   $ 543  
Total other assets $ 543   $ —   $ —   $ 543  

Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts $ —   $ 267,748   $ —   $ 267,748  
Foreign exchange contracts —   55,603   —   55,603  
Credit contracts —   16   —   16  
Equity contracts —   —   583   583  
Commodity contracts —   146,385   —   146,385  
Gross derivative assets $ —   $ 469,752   $ 583   $ 470,335  
Netting adjustments (2)
$ —   $ ( 281,893 ) $ —   $ ( 281,893 )
Net derivative assets $ —   $ 187,859   $ 583   $ 188,442  

Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate contracts $ —   $ 248,497   $ —   $ 248,497  
Foreign exchange contracts —   49,991   —   49,991  
Credit contracts —   129   —   129  
Equity contracts (3)
—   —   13,046   13,046  
Commodity contracts —   122,088   —   122,088  
Gross derivative liabilities $ —   $ 420,705   $ 13,046   $ 433,751  
Netting adjustments (2)
$ —   $ ( 129,385 ) $ —   $ ( 129,385 )
Net derivative liabilities $ —   $ 291,320   $ 13,046   $ 304,366  

Refer to table footnotes on the following page.

12

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
as of December 31, 2025
($ in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Fair Value
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities $ 993,913   $ —   $ —   $ 993,913  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities —   257,654   —   257,654  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities (1) :

Commercial mortgage-backed securities —   265,338   —   265,338  
Residential mortgage-backed securities —   10,132,653   —   10,132,653  
Municipal securities —   243,102   —   243,102  
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities:
Commercial mortgage-backed securities —   190,948   —   190,948  
Residential mortgage-backed securities —   393,787   —   393,787  
Corporate debt securities —   464,981   —   464,981  
Foreign government bonds —   238,455   —   238,455  
Asset-backed securities —   31,389   —   31,389  

Total AFS debt securities $ 993,913   $ 12,218,307   $ —   $ 13,212,220  

Affordable housing partnership, tax credit and CRA investments, net:
Equity securities $ 22,098   $ 4,298   $ —   $ 26,396  
Total affordable housing partnership, tax credit and CRA investments, net
$ 22,098   $ 4,298   $ —   $ 26,396  
Other assets:

Equity securities
$ 630   $ —   $ —   $ 630  
Total other assets $ 630   $ —   $ —   $ 630  
Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts $ —   $ 298,558   $ —   $ 298,558  
Foreign exchange contracts —   44,340   —   44,340  
Credit contracts —   25   —   25  
Equity contracts —   —   522   522  
Commodity contracts —   66,022   —   66,022  
Gross derivative assets $ —   $ 408,945   $ 522   $ 409,467  
Netting adjustments (2)
$ —   $ ( 257,525 ) $ —   $ ( 257,525 )
Net derivative assets $ —   $ 151,420   $ 522   $ 151,942  

Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate contracts $ —   $ 256,870   $ —   $ 256,870  
Foreign exchange contracts —   43,160   —   43,160  
Equity contracts (3)
—   —   13,734   13,734  
Credit contracts —   51   —   51  
Commodity contracts —   72,158   —   72,158  
Gross derivative liabilities $ —   $ 372,239   $ 13,734   $ 385,973  
Netting adjustments (2)
$ —   $ ( 101,640 ) $ —   $ ( 101,640 )
Net derivative liabilities $ —   $ 270,599   $ 13,734   $ 284,333  

(1) Includes Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) AFS debt securities totaling $ 10.3  billion and $ 9.6 billion of fair value as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(2) Represents the balance sheet netting of derivative assets and liabilities and related cash collateral under master netting agreements or similar agreements. See Note 5 — Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q for additional information.
(3) Equity contracts classified as derivative liabilities consist of performance-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”) granted as part of EWBC’s consideration in an investment.
13

For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, Level 3 fair value measurements that were measured on a recurring basis consisted of warrant equity contracts issued by private companies and liability-classified contingently issuable shares of the Company. The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of these equity contracts for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) 2026 2025
Derivative assets:
Equity contracts
Beginning balance $ 522   $ 239  

Total gains (losses) included in earnings (1)
61   ( 77 )

Issuances (1)
—   256  

Ending balance $ 583   $ 418  
Derivative liabilities:
Equity contracts (2)

Beginning balance $ 13,734   $ 15,119  
Total gains included in earnings (3)
( 688 ) —  

Ending balance $ 13,046   $ 15,119  

(1) Included in Lending and loan servicing fees on the Consolidated Statement of Income.
(2) Equity contracts classified as derivative liabilities consist of performance-based RSUs granted as part of EWBC’s consideration in an investment.
(3) Included in Other investment income on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

The following table presents quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of Level 3 fair value measurements as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. The significant unobservable inputs presented in the table below are those that the Company considers significant to the fair value of the Level 3 assets. The Company considers unobservable inputs to be significant if, by their exclusion, the fair value of the Level 3 assets would be impacted by a predetermined percentage change.

($ in thousands) Fair Value Measurements (Level 3) Valuation Technique Unobservable Inputs Range of Inputs Weighted-Average of Inputs
March 31, 2026
Derivative assets:
Equity contracts $ 583   Black-Scholes option pricing model Equity volatility 41 % — 62 %
49 %   (1)

Liquidity discount 47 % 47 %
Derivative liabilities:
Equity contracts (2)
$ 13,046   Internal model Payout % based on operating revenue and measure of operating profit of investee
35 % 35 %
December 31, 2025
Derivative assets:
Equity contracts $ 522   Black-Scholes option pricing model Equity volatility 34 % — 53 %
40 %   (1)

Liquidity discount 47 % 47 %
Derivative liabilities:
Equity contracts (2)
$ 13,734   Internal model Payout % based on operating revenue and measure of operating profit of investee 35 % 35 %

(1) Weighted-average of inputs is calculated based on the fair value of equity contracts as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
(2) Equity contracts classified as derivative liabilities consist of performance-based RSUs granted as part of EWBC’s consideration in an investment.

14

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis may include certain individually evaluated loans held-for-investment, loans held-for-sale, affordable housing partnership, tax credit and CRA investments, OREO, and other nonperforming assets. Nonrecurring fair value adjustments may result from the impairment on certain individually evaluated loans held-for-investment and affordable housing partnership, tax credit and CRA investments, from the write-downs of OREO and other nonperforming assets, or from the application of lower of cost or fair value on loans held-for-sale.

Loans Held-for-Sale — Loans held-for-investment subsequently transferred to held-for-sale are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value upon transfer. Loans held-for-sale may be measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when fair value is less than cost. Fair value is generally determined based on available market data for similar loans and therefore, loans held-for-sale are classified as Level 2.

For additional information regarding the valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, as well as their general classification within the fair value hierarchy, see Note 2 — Fair Value Measurement and Fair Value of Financial Instruments to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2025 Form 10-K.

The following tables present the carrying amounts of assets that were still held and had fair value adjustments measured on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
as of March 31, 2026
($ in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
Loans held-for-investment:
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial (“C&I”)
$ —   $ —   $ 24,411   $ 24,411  
Commercial real estate (“CRE”):

CRE —   —   3,539   3,539  

Total loans held-for-investment $ —   $ —   $ 27,950   $ 27,950  
Loans held-for-sale
$ —   $ 7,209   $ —   $ 7,209  

OREO (1)
$ —   $ —   $ 2,668   $ 2,668  

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
as of December 31, 2025
($ in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
Loans held-for-investment:
Commercial:
C&I $ —   $ —   $ 5,916   $ 5,916  
CRE:
CRE —   —   13,335   13,335  

Total loans held-for-investment $ —   $ —   $ 19,251   $ 19,251  
Affordable housing partnership, tax credit and CRA investments, net $ —   $ —   $ 953   $ 953  
OREO (1)
$ —   $ —   $ 13,035   $ 13,035  

(1) Represents the carrying value of OREO property that was written down subsequent to its initial classification as OREO and included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

15

The following table presents the change in the fair value of certain assets held at the end of the respective reporting periods, for which a nonrecurring fair value adjustment was recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) 2026 2025
Loans held-for-investment:
Commercial:
C&I $ ( 12,906 ) $ ( 3,625 )
CRE:
CRE ( 1,306 ) ( 13,839 )
Multifamily residential —   ( 1,181 )

Total loans held-for-investment $ ( 14,212 ) $ ( 18,645 )
Loans held-for-sale $ ( 3,792 ) $ —  

OREO ( 92 ) ( 4,221 )
Total nonrecurring fair value losses
$ ( 18,096 ) $ ( 22,866 )

The following table presents the quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of Level 3 fair value measurements that are measured on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

($ in thousands) Fair Value Measurements (Level 3) Valuation Techniques Unobservable Inputs Range of Inputs Weighted-average of Inputs

March 31, 2026

Loans held-for-investment $ 24,123   Fair value of collateral Discount 55 % — 75 %
65 % (1)

$ 3,827   Fair value of property Selling cost 8 %
8 %

OREO $ 2,668   Fair value of property Selling cost 8 % 8 %

December 31, 2025

Loans held-for-investment $ 4,516   Fair value of collateral Discount 75 % — 100 %
75 % (1)

$ 14,735   Fair value of property Selling cost 8 % 8 %

Affordable housing partnership, tax credit and CRA investments, net $ 953   Individual analysis of each investment Expected future tax benefits and distributions NM NM

OREO $ 13,035   Fair value of property Selling cost 8 % 8 %

NM — Not meaningful.
(1) Weighted-average of inputs is based on the relative fair value of the respective assets as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

16

Disclosures about the Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following tables present the fair value estimates for financial instruments as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, excluding financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as they are included in the tables presented elsewhere in this Note. The carrying amounts in the following tables are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet under the indicated captions, except for accrued interest receivable, restricted equity securities, at cost, and mortgage servicing rights that are included in Other assets , and accrued interest payable which is included in Accrued expenses and other liabilities . These financial instruments are measured on an amortized cost basis on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.

March 31, 2026
($ in thousands) Carrying Amount Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Estimated Fair Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 4,438,870   $ 4,438,870   $ —   $ —   $ 4,438,870  
Interest-bearing deposits with banks $ 10,498   $ —   $ 10,498   $ —   $ 10,498  
Resale agreements $ 425,000   $ —   $ 351,104   $ —   $ 351,104  
HTM debt securities $ 2,858,978   $ 526,048   $ 1,926,955   $ —   $ 2,453,003  
Restricted equity securities, at cost $ 153,697   $ —   $ 153,697   $ —   $ 153,697  
Loans held-for-sale $ 27,585   $ —   $ 27,585   $ —   $ 27,585  
Loans held-for-investment, net $ 57,264,875   $ —   $ —   $ 55,875,553   $ 55,875,553  
Mortgage servicing rights $ 3,978   $ —   $ —   $ 6,981   $ 6,981  
Accrued interest receivable $ 316,124   $ —   $ 316,124   $ —   $ 316,124  
Financial liabilities:
Demand, checking, savings and money market deposits $ 43,508,071   $ —   $ 43,508,071   $ —   $ 43,508,071  
Time deposits $ 25,411,484   $ —   $ 25,384,802   $ —   $ 25,384,802  

FHLB advances $ 3,000,000   $ —   $ 2,995,604   $ —   $ 2,995,604  
Repurchase agreements $ 494,027   $ —   $ 494,004   $ —   $ 494,004  
Long-term debt $ 32,400   $ —   $ 30,690   $ —   $ 30,690  
Accrued interest payable $ 54,474   $ —   $ 54,009   $ —   $ 54,009  

December 31, 2025
($ in thousands) Carrying Amount Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Estimated Fair Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 4,188,139   $ 4,188,139   $ —   $ —   $ 4,188,139  
Interest-bearing deposits with banks $ 16,189   $ —   $ 16,189   $ —   $ 16,189  
Resale agreements $ 425,000   $ —   $ 351,065   $ —   $ 351,065  
HTM debt securities $ 2,870,058   $ 524,887   $ 1,954,859   $ —   $ 2,479,746  
Restricted equity securities, at cost $ 153,484   $ —   $ 153,484   $ —   $ 153,484  
Loans held-for-sale $ 20,976   $ —   $ 20,976   $ —   $ 20,976  
Loans held-for-investment, net $ 56,068,399   $ —   $ —   $ 54,665,865   $ 54,665,865  

Mortgage servicing rights $ 4,119   $ —   $ —   $ 7,114   $ 7,114  
Accrued interest receivable $ 315,669   $ —   $ 315,669   $ —   $ 315,669  
Financial liabilities:

Demand, checking, savings and money market deposits $ 41,797,887   $ —   $ 41,797,887   $ —   $ 41,797,887  
Time deposits $ 25,284,814   $ —   $ 25,285,076   $ —   $ 25,285,076  

FHLB advances $ 3,000,000   $ —   $ 3,001,878   $ —   $ 3,001,878  

Long-term debt $ 32,320   $ —   $ 32,070   $ —   $ 32,070  
Accrued interest payable $ 60,513   $ —   $ 60,513   $ —   $ 60,513  

17

Note 3 — Securities Purchased under Resale Agreements and Sold Under Repurchase Agreements

The Company’s resale agreements expose it to credit risk from both the counterparties and the underlying collateral. The Company manages credit exposure from certain transactions by entering into master netting agreements and collateral arrangements with the counterparties. The relevant agreements allow for an efficient closeout of the transaction, liquidation and set-off of collateral against the net amount owed by the counterparty following a default. It is the Company’s policy to take possession, where possible, of the assets underlying resale agreements. As a result of the Company’s credit risk mitigation practices with respect to resale agreements as described above, the Company did not hold any reserves for credit impairment with respect to these agreements as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. There were no repurchase agreements as of December 31, 2025.

Balance Sheet Offsetting

The Company’s resale and repurchase agreements are transacted under legally enforceable master netting agreements that, in the event of default by the counterparty, provide the Company with the right to liquidate securities held and to offset receivables and payables with the same counterparty. The Company nets resale and repurchase transactions with the same counterparty on the Consolidated Balance Sheet when it has a legally enforceable master netting agreement and the transactions are eligible for netting under ASC 210-20-45-11, Balance Sheet Offsetting Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Agreements . Collateral received includes securities that are not recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Collateral pledged consists of securities that are not netted on the Consolidated Balance Sheet against the related collateralized liability. Securities received or pledged as collateral in resale and repurchase agreements with other financial institutions may also be sold or re-pledged by the secured party, and are usually delivered to and held by third-party trustees. For more information regarding the Company’s accounting policy related to resale and repurchase agreement, see Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Significant Accounting Policies — Assets Purchased under Resale Agreements and Securities Sold under Repurchase Agreements to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2025 Form 10-K.

The following tables present the resale and repurchase agreements included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet
($ in thousands)
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet Net Amounts of Assets Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet Collateral Received (1)
Net Amount
March 31, 2026
Resale agreements $ 425,000   $ —   $ 425,000   $ ( 425,000 ) $ —  

Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet Collateral Pledged (3)
Net Amount
Repurchase agreements (2)
$ 494,027   $ —   $ 494,027   $ ( 493,573 ) $ 454  

18

Gross Amounts Not Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet
($ in thousands)
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets Gross Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet Net Amounts of Assets Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet
Collateral Received (1)
Net Amount
December 31, 2025
Resale agreements $ 425,000   $ —   $ 425,000   $ ( 350,953 ) $ 74,047  

(1) Represents the fair value of assets the Company has received under resale agreements, limited for table presentation purposes to the amount of the recognized asset due from each counterparty. The application of collateral cannot reduce the net position below zero. Therefore, excess collateral, if any, is not reflected above.
(2) Matured on April 23, 2026.
(3) Represents the fair value of assets the Company has pledged under repurchase agreements, limited for table presentation purposes to the amount of the recognized liability due to each counterparty. The application of collateral cannot reduce the net position below zero. Therefore, excess collateral, if any, is not reflected above.

In addition to the amounts included in the table above, the Company also has balance sheet netting related to derivatives. Refer to Note 5 — Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q for additional information.

19

Note 4 — Securities

The following tables present the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, allowance for credit losses, and fair value by major categories of AFS and HTM debt securities as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

March 31, 2026
($ in thousands) Amortized Cost (1)
Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities $ 1,256,350   $ 495   $ ( 19,058 ) $ 1,237,787  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities 287,503   —   ( 31,640 ) 255,863  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities (2) :

Commercial mortgage-backed securities 277,947   74   ( 27,359 ) 250,662  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 11,004,372   53,571   ( 213,506 ) 10,844,437  
Municipal securities 275,348   5   ( 37,394 ) 237,959  
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities:
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 197,286   —   ( 22,416 ) 174,870  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 431,846   —   ( 58,349 ) 373,497  
Corporate debt securities 535,158   —   ( 87,575 ) 447,583  
Foreign government bonds 249,263   461   ( 9,329 ) 240,395  
Asset-backed securities 30,965   —   ( 535 ) 30,430  

Total AFS debt securities 14,546,038   54,606   ( 507,161 ) 14,093,483  
HTM debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities 542,059   —   ( 16,011 ) 526,048  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities 1,007,937   —   ( 152,476 ) 855,461  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities (3) :

Commercial mortgage-backed securities 470,484   —   ( 70,288 ) 400,196  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 653,648   —   ( 125,740 ) 527,908  
Municipal securities 184,850   —   ( 41,460 ) 143,390  
Total HTM debt securities 2,858,978   —   ( 405,975 ) 2,453,003  
Total debt securities $ 17,405,016   $ 54,606   $ ( 913,136 ) $ 16,546,486  

Refer to table footnotes on the following page.
20

December 31, 2025
($ in thousands) Amortized Cost (1)
Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Allowance for Credit Losses
Fair Value
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities $ 1,010,053   $ 837   $ ( 16,977 ) $ —   $ 993,913  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities 287,687   —   ( 30,033 ) —   257,654  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities (2) :

Commercial mortgage-backed securities 292,564   86   ( 27,312 ) —   265,338  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 10,251,714   68,588   ( 187,649 ) —   10,132,653  
Municipal securities 277,275   20   ( 34,193 ) —   243,102  
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities:
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 214,987   —   ( 22,139 ) ( 1,900 ) 190,948  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 452,208   —   ( 58,421 ) —   393,787  
Corporate debt securities 554,158   6   ( 89,183 ) —   464,981  
Foreign government bonds 247,249   437   ( 9,231 ) —   238,455  
Asset-backed securities 31,886   —   ( 497 ) —   31,389  

Total AFS debt securities 13,619,781   69,974   ( 475,635 ) ( 1,900 ) 13,212,220  
HTM debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities 540,666   —   ( 15,779 ) —   524,887  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities 1,007,055   —   ( 146,921 ) —   860,134  
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities (3) :

Commercial mortgage-backed securities 474,747   —   ( 69,471 ) —   405,276  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 662,127   —   ( 124,176 ) —   537,951  
Municipal securities 185,463   —   ( 33,965 ) —   151,498  
Total HTM debt securities 2,870,058   —   ( 390,312 ) —   2,479,746  
Total debt securities $ 16,489,839   $ 69,974   $ ( 865,947 ) $ ( 1,900 ) $ 15,691,966  

(1) Amortized cost excludes accrued interest receivables which are presented within Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the accrued interest receivables were $ 54 million. For the Company’s accounting policy related to debt securities’ accrued interest receivables, see Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Significant Accounting Policies — Allowance for Credit Losses on Available-for-Sale Debt Securities and Allowance for Credit Losses on Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2025 Form 10-K.
(2) Includes GNMA AFS debt securities with amortized cost and fair value both totaling $ 10.3  billion and $ 9.6  billion as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(3) Includes GNMA HTM debt securities totaling $ 77  million of amortized cost and $ 63  million of fair value as of March 31, 2026, and $ 79 million of amortized cost and $ 65 million of fair value as of December 31, 2025.

21

Unrealized Losses of Available-for-Sale Debt Securities

The following tables present the fair value and the associated gross unrealized losses of the Company’s AFS debt securities in a continuous unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category and loss duration as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

March 31, 2026
Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
($ in thousands) Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities $ 510,306   $ ( 5,956 ) $ 577,595   $ ( 13,102 ) $ 1,087,901  

$ ( 19,058 )
U.S. government agency and U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities —   —   255,863   ( 31,640 ) 255,863   ( 31,640 )
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities:
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 3,512   ( 57 ) 242,595   ( 27,302 ) 246,107   ( 27,359 )
Residential mortgage-backed securities 2,834,504   ( 31,455 ) 1,462,115   ( 182,051 ) 4,296,619   ( 213,506 )
Municipal securities 1,950   ( 42 ) 233,125   ( 37,352 ) 235,075   ( 37,394 )
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities:
Commercial mortgage-backed securities —   —   174,870   ( 22,416 ) 174,870   ( 22,416 )
Residential mortgage-backed securities —   —   373,497   ( 58,349 ) 373,497   ( 58,349 )
Corporate debt securities —   —   447,583   ( 87,575 ) 447,583   ( 87,575 )
Foreign government bonds —   —   40,671   ( 9,329 ) 40,671   ( 9,329 )
Asset-backed securities —   —   30,430   ( 535 ) 30,430   ( 535 )

Total AFS debt securities $ 3,350,272   $ ( 37,510 ) $ 3,838,344   $ ( 469,651 ) $ 7,188,616   $ ( 507,161 )

December 31, 2025
Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
($ in thousands) Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities $ 323,019   $ ( 1,627 ) $ 575,638   $ ( 15,350 ) $ 898,657   $ ( 16,977 )
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities —   —   257,654   ( 30,033 ) 257,654   ( 30,033 )
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities:
Commercial mortgage-backed securities —   —   256,503   ( 27,312 ) 256,503   ( 27,312 )
Residential mortgage-backed securities 1,052,833   ( 5,480 ) 1,582,952   ( 182,169 ) 2,635,785   ( 187,649 )
Municipal securities —   —   237,214   ( 34,193 ) 237,214   ( 34,193 )
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities:
Commercial mortgage-backed securities —   —   190,948   ( 22,139 ) 190,948   ( 22,139 )
Residential mortgage-backed securities —   —   393,787   ( 58,421 ) 393,787   ( 58,421 )
Corporate debt securities —   —   454,975   ( 89,183 ) 454,975   ( 89,183 )
Foreign government bonds —   —   90,769   ( 9,231 ) 90,769   ( 9,231 )
Asset-backed securities —   —   31,389   ( 497 ) 31,389   ( 497 )

Total AFS debt securities $ 1,375,852   $ ( 7,107 ) $ 4,071,829   $ ( 468,528 ) $ 5,447,681   $ ( 475,635 )

22

As of March 31, 2026, the Company had 467 AFS debt securities in a gross unrealized loss position, primarily consisting of 261 U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities, 45 corporate debt securities and 61 non-agency mortgage-backed securities. In comparison, as of December 31, 2025, the Company had 429 AFS debt securities in a gross unrealized loss position, primarily consisting of 222 U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities, 47 corporate debt securities and 66 non-agency mortgage-backed securities.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Available-for-Sale Debt Securities

The Company evaluates each AFS debt security where the fair value declines below amortized cost. For a discussion of the factors and criteria the Company uses in analyzing securities for impairment related to credit losses, see Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Significant Accounting Policies — Allowance for Credit Losses on Available-for-Sale Debt Securities to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2025 Form 10-K.

The gross unrealized losses presented in the preceding tables were primarily attributable to interest rate movement and the widening of liquidity and/or credit spreads. U.S. Treasury, U.S. government agency, U.S. government-sponsored agency, and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt and mortgage-backed securities are issued, guaranteed, or otherwise supported by the U.S. government and have a zero credit loss assumption. The remaining securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2026 were mainly comprised of the following:

• Corporate debt securities — The market value movement as of March 31, 2026 was primarily due to interest rate movement and spread change. A portion of the corporate debt securities is comprised of subordinated debt securities issued by U.S. banks. These securities are nearly all rated investment grade by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) and issued by well-capitalized financial institutions with strong profitability. The contractual payments from these corporate debt securities have been and are expected to be received on time. The Company will continue to monitor the market developments in the banking sector and the credit performance of these securities.
• Non-agency mortgage-backed securities — The market value movement for the majority of these securities as of March 31, 2026 was primarily due to interest rate movement and spread change. A substantial majority of the non-agency mortgage-backed securities are rated investment grade by NRSROs or have high priority in the cash flow waterfall within the securitization structure, and the contractual payments have historically been on time. Accordingly, the Company believes the risk of credit losses on these securities is low.

As of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company intended to hold the AFS debt securities with unrealized losses through the anticipated recovery period and it was more-likely-than-not that the Company would not have to sell these securities before the recovery of their amortized cost. The issuers of these securities have not, to the Company’s knowledge, established any cause for default on these securities. As a result, the Company expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities.

There was no allowance for credit losses recorded against these securities as of March 31, 2026, compared with an allowance for credit losses of $ 2 million as of December 31, 2025, related to a non-agency commercial mortgage-backed security that experienced a deterioration in both its credit rating and expected cash flows, resulting in its fair value falling below amortized cost. A $ 192 thousand reversal of credit losses was recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2026, as a result of the sale of this security, compared with no provision for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2025

Allowance for Credit Losses on Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities

The Company separately evaluates its HTM debt securities for any credit losses using an expected loss model, similar to the methodology used for loans. For additional information on the Company’s credit loss methodology, refer to Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Significant Accounting Policies — Allowance for Credit Losses on Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2025 Form 10-K.
23

The Company monitors the credit quality of the HTM debt securities using external credit ratings. As of March 31, 2026, all HTM securities were rated investment grade by NRSROs and issued, guaranteed, or supported by U.S. government entities and agencies. Accordingly, the Company applied a zero credit loss assumption and no allowance for credit losses was recorded as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. Overall, the Company believes that the credit support levels of the debt securities are strong and based on current assessments and macroeconomic forecasts, expects that full contractual cash flows will be received.

Realized Gains and Reversal of Credit Losses

The following table presents the gross realized gains from the sales of AFS debt securities (pre-tax), the reversal of credit losses, and the related tax expense included in earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) 2026 2025

Gross realized gains from sales $ 616   $ 131  
Reversal of credit losses
$ 192   $ —  
Related tax expense
$ 239   $ 39  

Interest Income

The following table presents the composition of interest income on debt securities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) 2026 2025

Taxable interest $ 156,567   $ 142,890  
Nontaxable interest 3,611   4,894  
Total interest income on debt securities $ 160,178   $ 147,784  

24

Contractual Maturities of Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities

The following tables present the contractual maturities, amortized cost, fair value and weighted-average yields of AFS and HTM debt securities as of March 31, 2026. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities on certain securities as the issuers and borrowers of the underlying collateral may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.

($ in thousands) Within One Year After One Year through Five Years
After Five Years through Ten Years After Ten Years Total
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities
Amortized cost $ 490,798   $ 597,938   $ 167,614   $ —   $ 1,256,350  
Fair value 482,999   589,040   165,748   —   1,237,787  
Weighted-average yield (1)
1.13 % 3.22 % 3.79 % — % 2.48 %
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities
Amortized cost 1,677   50,000   178,331   57,495   287,503  
Fair value 1,656   47,873   157,707   48,627   255,863  
Weighted-average yield (1)
2.85 % 2.00 % 2.08 % 2.16 % 2.09 %
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities
Amortized cost —   48,534   90,730   11,143,055   11,282,319  
Fair value —   46,851   83,689   10,964,559   11,095,099  
Weighted-average yield (1) (2)
— % 2.86 % 2.90 % 4.74 % 4.71 %
Municipal securities
Amortized cost 7,800   17,636   22,598   227,314   275,348  
Fair value 7,720   17,155   19,344   193,740   237,959  
Weighted-average yield (1) (2)
1.21 % 2.58 % 2.40 % 2.26 % 2.26 %
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities
Amortized cost —   —   —   629,132   629,132  
Fair value —   —   —   548,367   548,367  
Weighted-average yield (1)
— % — % — % 2.24 % 2.24 %
Corporate debt securities
Amortized cost 15,158   46,000   449,000   25,000   535,158  
Fair value 15,058   42,999   366,134   23,392   447,583  
Weighted-average yield (1)
4.70 % 4.31 % 2.36 % 1.80 % 2.57 %
Foreign government bonds
Amortized cost 69,648   129,615   50,000   —   249,263  
Fair value 69,779   129,945   40,671   —   240,395  
Weighted-average yield (1)
2.29 % 2.46 % 1.75 % — % 2.27 %
Asset-backed securities
Amortized cost —   —   —   30,965   30,965  
Fair value —   —   —   30,430   30,430  
Weighted-average yield (1)
— % — % — % 4.36 % 4.36 %

Total AFS debt securities
Amortized cost $ 585,081   $ 889,723   $ 958,273   $ 12,112,961   $ 14,546,038  
Fair value $ 577,212   $ 873,863   $ 833,293   $ 11,809,115   $ 14,093,483  
Weighted-average yield (1)
1.37 % 3.06 % 2.58 % 4.54 % 4.19 %

25

($ in thousands) Within One Year After One Year through Five Years
After Five Years through Ten Years After Ten Years Total
HTM debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities
Amortized cost $ 74,402 $ 467,657 $ — $ — $ 542,059
Fair value 72,898 453,150 — — 526,048
Weighted-average yield (1)
0.83 % 1.08 % — % — % 1.05 %
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities
Amortized cost — 129,956 812,191 65,790 1,007,937
Fair value — 118,920 683,742 52,799 855,461
Weighted-average yield (1)
— % 1.37 % 1.96 % 2.12 % 1.90 %
U.S. government agency and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities
Amortized cost — 55,823 184,457 883,852 1,124,132
Fair value — 51,287 159,382 717,435 928,104
Weighted-average yield (1) (2)
— % 1.51 % 1.81 % 1.67 % 1.69 %
Municipal securities
Amortized cost — — 13,884 170,966 184,850
Fair value — — 11,791 131,599 143,390
Weighted-average yield (1) (2)
— % — % 2.35 % 1.99 % 2.02 %
Total HTM debt securities
Amortized cost $ 74,402 $ 653,436 $ 1,010,532 $ 1,120,608 $ 2,858,978
Fair value $ 72,898 $ 623,357 $ 854,915 $ 901,833 $ 2,453,003
Weighted-average yield (1)
0.83 % 1.17 % 1.94 % 1.75 % 1.66 %

(1) Weighted-average yields are computed based on amortized cost balances.
(2) Yields on tax-exempt securities are not presented on a tax-equivalent basis.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, AFS and HTM debt securities with carrying valu es of $ 4.9  billion and $ 4.6 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure borrowings and for other purposes required or permitted by law. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, AFS and HTM debt securities with fair values of $ 6.9  billion and $ 4.8  billion, respectively, were prepositioned for the Federal Reserve Bank (“ FRB”) Standing Repurchase Agreement Facility.

Restricted Equity Securities

The following table presents the restricted equity securities included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

($ in thousands) March 31, 2026 December 31, 2025
FRB of San Francisco stock
$ 66,586   $ 66,179  
FHLB stock 87,111   87,305  
Total restricted equity securities $ 153,697   $ 153,484  

26

Note 5 — Derivatives

The Company uses derivative instruments to manage exposure to market risk, primarily interest rate and foreign currency risks, as well as to assist customers with their risk management objectives. The Company’s goal is to manage interest rate sensitivity and volatility to mitigate the effect of interest rate changes on earnings or capital. The Company may also use foreign exchange contracts to manage the foreign exchange rate risk associated with certain foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities, the funding needs of, as well as the Bank’s investment in, East West Bank (China) Limited. The Company recognizes all derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value. While the Company designates certain derivatives as hedging instruments in a qualifying hedge accounting relationship, other derivatives serve as economic hedges. For additional information on the Company’s derivatives and hedging activities, see Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Significant Accounting Policies — Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company’s 2025 Form 10-K.

The following table presents the notional amounts and fair values of the Company’s derivatives as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. Certain derivative contracts are cleared through central clearing organizations where variation margin is applied daily as settlement to the fair values of the contracts. The fair values are presented on a gross basis prior to the application of bilateral collateral and master netting agreements, but after the application of variation margin payments as settlement to fair values of contracts cleared through central clearing organizations. Applying variation margin payments as settlement to the fair values of derivative contracts cleared through the London Clearing House (“LCH”) and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (“CME”) resulted in reductions in the derivative asset and liability fair values of $ 14 million and $ 34 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2026. In comparison, applying variation margin payments as settlement to LCH- and CME-cleared derivative transactions resulted in reductions in the derivative asset and liability fair values of $ 16 million and $ 3 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2025. Total gross derivative asset and liability fair values are then adjusted to reflect the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements and cash collateral received or paid. The resulting net derivative asset and liability fair values are included in Other assets and Accrued expenses and other liabilities , respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

March 31, 2026 December 31, 2025
Fair Value Fair Value
($ in thousands) Notional Amount Assets  Liabilities  Notional Amount Assets  Liabilities 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts $ 4,250,000   $ 22,611   $ 5,319   $ 4,250,000   $ 39,997   $ 139  

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate contracts $ 18,386,728   $ 245,137   $ 243,178   $ 18,987,277   $ 258,561   $ 256,731  
Commodity contracts (1)
—   146,385   122,088   —   66,022   72,158  
Foreign exchange contracts 4,869,406   55,603   49,991   4,550,101   44,340   43,160  
Credit contracts (2)
348,244   16   129   303,421   25   51  
Equity contracts —   583   (3) 13,046   (4) —   522   (3) 13,734   (4)
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments $ 23,604,378   $ 447,724   $ 428,432   $ 23,840,799   $ 369,470   $ 385,834  
Gross derivative assets/liabilities $ 470,335   $ 433,751   $ 409,467   $ 385,973  
Less: Master netting agreements ( 111,845 ) ( 111,845 ) ( 74,138 ) ( 74,138 )
Less: Cash collateral received ( 170,048 ) ( 17,540 ) ( 183,387 ) ( 27,502 )
Net derivative assets/liabilities $ 188,442   $ 304,366   $ 151,942   $ 284,333  

(1) The notional amount of the Company’s commodity contracts totaled 19 million barrels of crude oil and 280 million units of natural gas, measured in million British thermal units (“MMBTUs”) as of March 31, 2026. In comparison, the notional amount of the Company’s commodity contracts totaled 16 million barrels of crude oil and 364 million MMBTUs of natural gas as of December 31, 2025.
(2) The notional amount for the credit contracts reflects the Company’s pro-rata share of the notional amount in the underlying derivative instruments in credit risk participation agreements (“RPAs”).
(3) The Company held warrant equity contracts in nine private companies as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
(4) Equity contracts classified as derivative liabilities consist of 349  thousand performance-based RSUs granted as part of EWBC’s consideration in an investment.
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Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments

Cash Flow Hedges — The Company uses interest rate swaps and collars to hedge the variability in the interest amount received on certain floating-rate commercial loans due to changes in the contractually specified interest rates. As of March 31, 2026, interest rate contracts in notional amounts of $ 4.3  billion were designated as cash flow hedges to convert certain variable-rate loans from floating-rate payments to fixed-rate payments. Gains and losses on the hedging derivative instruments are recognized in AOCI and reclassified to earnings in the same period the hedged cash flows impact earnings and are recorded within the same income statement line item as the hedged cash flows. Considering the interest rates, yield curve and notional amount as of March 31, 2026, the Company expects to reclassify an estimated $ 2  million of after-tax net gains on derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges from AOCI into earnings during the next 12 months.

The following table presents the pre-tax changes in AOCI from cash flow hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The after-tax impact of cash flow hedges on AOCI is shown in Note 12 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.

Three Months Ended March 31,
($ in thousands) 2026 2025
(Losses) gains recognized in AOCI:

Interest rate contracts $ ( 22,382 ) $ 37,466  

(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCI into earnings:

Interest and dividend income (for cash flow hedges on loans) $ ( 583 ) $ 7,052  

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

Customer-Related Positions and Economic Hedge Derivatives — The Company enters into interest rate, commodity, and foreign exchange derivatives at the request of its customers and generally enters into offsetting derivative contracts with third-party financial institutions to mitigate the inherent market risk. The Company also utilizes foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the effect of currency fluctuations on certain foreign currency-denominated on-balance sheet assets and liabilities, primarily foreign currency denominated deposits that it offers to its customers, as well as to meet its funding needs in certain foreign currencies. A majority of the foreign exchange contracts had original maturities of one year or less as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

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The following table presents the notional amounts and the gross fair values of interest rate and foreign exchange derivatives entered into with customers and with third-party financial institutions, which serve as economic hedges to customers’ positions, as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

March 31, 2026 December 31, 2025
Fair Value Fair Value
($ in thousands) Notional Amount Assets Liabilities Notional Amount Assets Liabilities
Customer-related positions:
Interest rate contracts:
Swaps $ 7,535,710   $ 29,626   $ 209,641   $ 7,566,889   $ 47,448   $ 206,794  
Written options 1,298,056   —   3,093   1,463,110   —   1,900  
Collars and corridors 340,632   53   312   444,604   311   20  
Subtotal 9,174,398   29,679   213,046   9,474,603   47,759   208,714  
Foreign exchange contracts:
Forwards and spot 1,322,892   21,382   9,419   1,156,203   23,661   2,831  
Swaps 831,485   9,187   5,435   785,956   13,272   661  
Written options
64,561   —   2,276   63,460   —   73  
Subtotal 2,218,938   30,569   17,130   2,005,619   36,933   3,565  
Total $ 11,393,336   $ 60,248   $ 230,176   $ 11,480,222   $ 84,692   $ 212,279  
Economic hedges and other:

Interest rate contracts:
Swaps $ 7,573,642   $ 212,016   $ 30,074   $ 7,604,959   $ 208,860   $ 47,682  
Purchased options 1,298,056   3,130   —   1,463,110   1,922   —  

Collars and corridors 340,632   312   58   444,605   20   335  
Subtotal 9,212,330   215,458   30,132   9,512,674   210,802   48,017  
Foreign exchange contracts:
Forwards and spot 236,106   3,863   4,712   234,278   1,602   3,498  
Swaps 2,637,352   18,893   28,147   2,246,744   5,718   36,083  
Purchased options
64,561   2,278   2   63,460   87   14  
Subtotal 2,938,019   25,034   32,861   2,544,482   7,407   39,595  
Total $ 12,150,349   $ 240,492   $ 62,993   $ 12,057,156   $ 218,209   $ 87,612  

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The Company enters into energy commodity contracts with its customers in the oil and gas sector, which allow them to hedge against the risk of fluctuation in energy commodity prices. Offsetting contracts entered with third-party financial institutions are used as economic hedges to manage the Company’s exposure on its customer-related positions. The following table presents the notional amounts in units and the gross fair values of the commodity derivatives issued for customer-related positions and economic hedges as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

March 31, 2026 December 31, 2025
Fair Value Fair Value
($ and unit in thousands) Notional Units Assets Liabilities Notional Units Assets Liabilities
Customer-related positions:
Commodity contracts:
Crude oil:
Swaps 6,244   Barrels $ 66,760   $ 2,410   4,255   Barrels $ 205   $ 28,533  
Collars 3,035   Barrels 49,575   —   3,747   Barrels 21   13,622  

Subtotal 9,279   Barrels 116,335   2,410   8,002   Barrels 226   42,155  
Natural gas:
Swaps 89,873   MMBTUs 5,014   24,534   112,599   MMBTUs 5,814   18,403  
Collars 51,497   MMBTUs 1,078   7,068   71,945   MMBTUs 1,879   6,693