10-Q – 2025-08-08 – fcnca-20250630.htm

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2024-12-31

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
____________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
____________________________________________________

☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025

or
☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number: 001-16715

First Citizens BancShares, Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware 56-1528994
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)

4300 Six Forks Road Raleigh North Carolina 27609
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(919) 716-7000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

____________________________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, Par Value $1 FCNCA Nasdaq Global Select Market

Depositary Shares, Each Representing a 1/40th Interest in a Share of 5.375% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A FCNCP Nasdaq Global Select Market

5.625% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C FCNCO Nasdaq Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:
Class B Common Stock, Par Value $1

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and ‘emerging growth company’ in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Class A Common Stock— 11,916,011 shares
Class B Common Stock— 1,005,185 shares
(Number of shares outstanding, by class, as of August 4, 2025)

CONTENTS
Page
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements
4

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
4

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
5

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
6

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
7

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
8

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
10

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
56

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
109

Item 4. Controls and Procedures
109

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings
110

Item 1A. Risk Factors
110

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
111

Item 5. Other Information
111

Item 6. Exhibits
111

Signatures
112

2

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
The following is a list of select abbreviations and acronyms used throughout this document. You may find it helpful to refer back to this table.

Acronym Definition Acronym Definition
ALLL Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses MD&A Management’s Discussion and Analysis
AOCI Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income MSRs Mortgage Servicing Rights
ASC Accounting Standards Codification NII Net Interest Income
ASU Accounting Standards Update NII Sensitivity Net Interest Income Sensitivity
BHC Bank Holding Company NIM Net Interest Margin
bps Basis point(s); 1 bp = 0.01% NPR Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
CRA Community Reinvestment Act OBBBA One Big Beautiful Bill Act
CRE Commercial Real Estate OREO Other Real Estate Owned
DPA Deferred Purchase Agreement PAA Purchase Accounting Accretion or Amortization
DTAs Deferred Tax Assets PAM Proportional Amortization Method
ETR Effective Income Tax Rate PCA Prompt Corrective Action
EVE Sensitivity Economic Value of Equity Sensitivity PCD Purchased Credit Deteriorated
FCB First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company PD Probability of Obligor Default
FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation PPNR Pre-provision net revenue
Federal Reserve Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ROU Right of Use
FHLB Federal Home Loan Bank RWA Risk-weighted assets
FOMC Federal Open Market Committee SBA Small Business Administration
FRB Federal Reserve Bank SOFR Secured Overnight Financing Rate
GAAP United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles SRP Share Repurchase Program
HPI Home Price Index SVB Silicon Valley Bank
HQLS High-Quality Liquid Securities SVBB Silicon Valley Bridge Bank, N.A.
ISDA International Swaps and Derivatives Association TMT Technology Media and Telecommunications

LGD Loss Given Default UPB Unpaid Principal Balance
LOCOM Lower of Cost or Fair Value VIE Variable Interest Entities

3

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

First Citizens BancShares, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

dollars in millions, except share data June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024
Assets
Cash and due from banks $ 889   $ 814  
Interest-earning deposits at banks 26,184   21,364  
Securities purchased under agreements to resell 300   158  
Investment in marketable equity securities (cost of $ 78 at June 30, 2025 and $ 79 at December 31, 2024)
97   101  
Investment securities available for sale (cost of $ 33,381 at June 30, 2025 and $ 34,512 at December 31, 2024)
33,060   33,750  
Investment securities held to maturity (fair value of $ 8,888 at June 30, 2025 and $ 8,702 at December 31, 2024)
10,189   10,239  
Assets held for sale 125   85  
Loans and leases 141,269   140,221  
Allowance for loan and lease losses ( 1,672 ) ( 1,676 )
Loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses 139,597   138,545  
Operating lease equipment, net 9,466   9,323  
Premises and equipment, net 2,115   2,006  
Goodwill 346   346  
Other intangible assets, net 221   249  
Other assets 7,064   6,740  
Total assets $ 229,653   $ 223,720  
Liabilities
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing $ 40,879   $ 38,633  
Interest-bearing 119,056   116,596  
Total deposits 159,935   155,229  
Credit balances of factoring clients 1,077   1,016  
Borrowings:

Short-term borrowings 471   367  

Long-term borrowings 37,641   36,684  
Total borrowings 38,112   37,051  
Other liabilities 8,233   8,196  
Total liabilities 207,357   201,492  
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock - $ 0.01 par value ( 20,000,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024)
881   881  
Common stock:
Class A - $ 1 par value ( 32,000,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024; 12,070,794 and 12,712,436 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)
12   13  
Class B - $ 1 par value ( 2,000,000 shares authorized and 1,005,185 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024)
1   1  
Additional paid in capital 1,179   2,417  
Retained earnings 20,337   19,361  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss ( 114 ) ( 445 )
Total stockholders’ equity 22,296   22,228  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 229,653   $ 223,720  

See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

First Citizens BancShares, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
dollars in millions, except share and per share data 2025 2024 2025 2024
Interest income
Interest and fees on loans $ 2,270   $ 2,422   $ 4,506   $ 4,776  
Interest on investment securities 419   330   833   612  
Interest on deposits at banks 256   378   501   826  
Total interest income 2,945   3,130   5,840   6,214  
Interest expense
Deposits 894   975   1,787   1,903  
Borrowings 356   334   695   673  
Total interest expense 1,250   1,309   2,482   2,576  
Net interest income 1,695   1,821   3,358   3,638  
Provision for credit losses 115   95   269   159  
Net interest income after provision for credit losses 1,580   1,726   3,089   3,479  
Noninterest income
Rental income on operating lease equipment 272   259   542   514  
Lending-related fees 69   63   135   122  
Deposit fees and service charges 59   57   117   115  
Client investment fees 52   54   105   104  
Wealth management services 55   52   111   103  
International fees 33   29   65   57  
Factoring commissions 18   19   35   36  
Cardholder services, net 41   40   82   80  
Merchant services, net 13   12   27   24  
Insurance commissions 14   13   28   28  

Fair value adjustment on marketable equity securities, net 2   ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 6 )
Gain on sale of leasing equipment, net 8   4   13   14  

Loss on extinguishment of debt —   —   —   ( 2 )
Other noninterest income 42   39   56   77  
Total noninterest income 678   639   1,313   1,266  
Noninterest expense
Depreciation on operating lease equipment 100   98   198   194  
Maintenance and other operating lease expenses 55   60   113   105  
Personnel cost 810   745   1,628   1,489  
Net occupancy expense 61   58   119   120  
Equipment expense 131   126   267   240  
Professional fees 30   24   55   49  
Third-party processing fees 63   58   126   118  
FDIC insurance expense 38   33   76   74  
Marketing expense 32   18   64   32  
Acquisition-related expenses 38   44   80   102  
Intangible asset amortization 13   15   28   32  
Other noninterest expense 129   107   239   207  
Total noninterest expense 1,500   1,386   2,993   2,762  
Income before income taxes 758   979   1,409   1,983  
Income tax expense 183   272   351   545  
Net income $ 575   $ 707   $ 1,058   $ 1,438  
Preferred stock dividends 14   16   29   31  
Net income available to common stockholders $ 561   $ 691   $ 1,029   $ 1,407  
Earnings per common share
Basic $ 42.36   $ 47.54   $ 76.73   $ 96.81  
Diluted $ 42.36   $ 47.54   $ 76.73   $ 96.80  
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic 13,237,226 14,534,499 13,405,295 14,533,900
Diluted 13,237,226 14,534,499 13,405,295 14,535,472

See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

First Citizens BancShares, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
dollars in millions 2025 2024 2025 2024
Net income $ 575   $ 707   $ 1,058   $ 1,438  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale 89   ( 22 ) 328   ( 113 )

Net change in defined benefit pension items ( 3 ) ( 8 ) ( 3 ) ( 8 )

Net unrealized (loss) gain on cash flow hedge derivatives ( 1 ) 2   6   2  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax $ 85   $ ( 28 ) $ 331   $ ( 119 )
Total comprehensive income $ 660   $ 679   $ 1,389   $ 1,319  

See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

6

First Citizens BancShares, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended
dollars in millions, except per share data Preferred Stock Class A Common Stock Class B Common Stock Additional Paid in Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance at March 31, 2025 $ 881   $ 12   $ 1   $ 1,798   $ 19,802   $ ( 199 ) $ 22,295  
Net income —  —  —  —  575   —  575  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax —  —  —  —  —  85   85  

Repurchased 338,959 shares of Class A common stock
—  —  —  ( 619 ) —  —  ( 619 )
Cash dividends declared ($ 1.95 per common share):

Class A common stock —  —  —  —  ( 24 ) —  ( 24 )
Class B common stock —  —  —  —  ( 2 ) —  ( 2 )
Preferred stock dividends declared:
Series A —  —  —  —  ( 4 ) —  ( 4 )
Series B —  —  —  —  ( 7 ) —  ( 7 )
Series C —  —  —  —  ( 3 ) —  ( 3 )
Balance at June 30, 2025 $ 881   $ 12   $ 1   $ 1,179   $ 20,337   $ ( 114 ) $ 22,296  

Balance at March 31, 2024 $ 881   $ 14   $ 1   $ 4,099   $ 17,435   $ ( 582 ) $ 21,848  
Net income —  —  —  —  707   —  707  
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax —  —  —  —  —  ( 28 ) ( 28 )

Cash dividends declared ($ 1.64 per common share):

Class A common stock —  —  —  —  ( 22 ) —  ( 22 )
Class B common stock —  —  —  —  ( 2 ) —  ( 2 )
Preferred stock dividends declared:
Series A —  —  —  —  ( 5 ) —  ( 5 )
Series B —  —  —  —  ( 8 ) —  ( 8 )
Series C —  —  —  —  ( 3 ) —  ( 3 )
Balance at June 30, 2024 $ 881   $ 14   $ 1   $ 4,099   $ 18,102   $ ( 610 ) $ 22,487  

Six Months Ended
dollars in millions, except share data Preferred Stock Class A Common Stock Class B Common Stock Additional Paid in Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance at December 31, 2024 $ 881   $ 13   $ 1   $ 2,417   $ 19,361   $ ( 445 ) $ 22,228  
Net income —  —  —  —  1,058   —  1,058  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax —  —  —  —  —  331   331  

Repurchased 641,642 shares of Class A common stock
—  ( 1 ) —  ( 1,238 ) —  —  ( 1,239 )
Cash dividends declared ($ 3.90 per common share):

Class A common stock —  —  —  —  ( 49 ) —  ( 49 )
Class B common stock —  —  —  —  ( 4 ) —  ( 4 )
Preferred stock dividends declared:
Series A —  —  —  —  ( 9 ) —  ( 9 )
Series B —  —  —  —  ( 14 ) —  ( 14 )
Series C —  —  —  —  ( 6 ) —  ( 6 )
Balance at June 30, 2025 $ 881   $ 12   $ 1   $ 1,179   $ 20,337   $ ( 114 ) $ 22,296  

Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 881   $ 14   $ 1   $ 4,108   $ 16,742   $ ( 491 ) $ 21,255  
Net income —  —  —  —  1,438   —  1,438  
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax —  —  —  —  —  ( 119 ) ( 119 )

Stock based compensation —  —  —  ( 9 ) —  —  ( 9 )

Cash dividends declared ($ 3.28 per common share):

Class A common stock —  —  —  —  ( 44 ) —  ( 44 )
Class B common stock —  —  —  —  ( 3 ) —  ( 3 )
Preferred stock dividends declared:
Series A —  —  —  —  ( 9 ) —  ( 9 )
Series B —  —  —  —  ( 16 ) —  ( 16 )
Series C —  —  —  —  ( 6 ) —  ( 6 )
Balance at June 30, 2024 $ 881   $ 14   $ 1   $ 4,099   $ 18,102   $ ( 610 ) $ 22,487  

See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
7

First Citizens BancShares, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Six Months Ended June 30,
dollars in millions 2025 2024
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income $ 1,058   $ 1,438  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses 269   159  
Deferred tax benefit ( 74 ) ( 183 )
Depreciation, amortization, and accretion, net 193   ( 6 )

Fair value adjustment on marketable equity securities, net 3   6  
Gain on sale of loans, net ( 4 ) ( 3 )
Gain on sale of operating lease equipment, net ( 13 ) ( 14 )

Loss (gain) on other real estate owned, net 7   ( 3 )

Loss on extinguishment of debt —   2  
Origination of loans held for sale ( 678 ) ( 547 )
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale 771   535  
Impairment of premises and equipment 5   —  
Net change in other assets ( 241 ) ( 268 )
Net change in other liabilities ( 290 ) ( 224 )
Other operating activities ( 49 ) ( 14 )
Net cash provided by operating activities 957   878  
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Net (increase) decrease in interest-earning deposits at banks ( 4,820 ) 8,248  

Purchases of investment securities available for sale ( 2,910 ) ( 10,757 )
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities available for sale 2,972   2,729  
Proceeds from sales of investment securities available for sale 1,196   695  
Purchases of investment securities held to maturity ( 218 ) ( 791 )
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities held to maturity 282   249  
Net (increase) decrease in securities purchased under agreements to resell ( 142 ) 81  
Net increase in loans ( 1,320 ) ( 6,190 )
Proceeds from sales of loans 146   218  
Net increase in credit balances of factoring clients 127   86  
Purchases of operating lease equipment ( 385 ) ( 428 )
Proceeds from sales of operating lease equipment 124   103  
Purchases of premises and equipment ( 229 ) ( 195 )

Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned 10   11  

Other investing activities ( 272 ) ( 169 )
Net cash used in investing activities ( 5,439 ) ( 6,110 )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net decrease in time deposits ( 2,010 ) ( 1,261 )
Net increase in demand and other interest-bearing deposits 6,885   6,568  
Net increase (decrease) in securities sold under agreements to repurchase 104   ( 99 )

Repayment of long-term borrowings ( 352 ) ( 32 )
Proceeds from issuance of long-term borrowings 1,242   —  

Repurchase of Class A common stock ( 1,231 ) —  
Cash dividends paid ( 82 ) ( 78 )
Other financing activities 1   ( 10 )
Net cash provided by financing activities 4,557   5,088  

Change in cash and due from banks 75   ( 144 )
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period 814   908  
Cash and due from banks at end of period $ 889   $ 764  

8

Six Months Ended June 30,
dollars in millions 2025 2024
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest $ 2,422   $ 2,618  
Income taxes 171   703  
Significant non-cash investing and financing activities:
Transfers of loans to other real estate 54   —  

Net settlement with FDIC for Purchase Money Note —   80  

Transfer of assets from held for investment to held for sale 286   236  

Commitments extended during the period on affordable housing investment credits 197   323  

See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

9

First Citizens BancShares, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 1 — SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Nature of Operations
First Citizens BancShares, Inc. (the “Parent Company” and, when including all of its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, “we,” “us,” “our,” “BancShares”) is a financial holding company organized under the laws of Delaware that conducts operations through its banking subsidiary, First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company (“FCB”), which is headquartered in Raleigh, North Carolina. BancShares operates a network of branches and offices, predominantly located in the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest and Western United States. BancShares provides various types of commercial and consumer banking services, including lending, leasing, and wealth management services. Deposit services include checking, savings, money market, and time deposit accounts.

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
These consolidated financial statements and notes thereto are presented in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X and, therefore, do not include all information and notes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flow activity required in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations have been made. The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “2024 Form 10-K”). Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

The consolidated financial statements of BancShares include the accounts of BancShares and its subsidiaries, certain partnership interests and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) where BancShares is the primary beneficiary, if applicable. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated upon consolidation. Assets held in agency or fiduciary capacity are not included in the consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 8—Variable Interest Entities for additional information regarding VIEs.

Reclassifications

Financial Statements
In certain instances, amounts reported in the 2024 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current financial statement presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on previously reported stockholders’ equity or net income.

Changes to the Composition of Reportable Segments
We updated our segment reporting during the first quarter of 2025 (the “Segment Reporting Updates”) as we transferred certain components from the Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) Commercial and General Bank segments to the Commercial Bank segment and modified our segment expense allocation methodology. The Segment Reporting Updates did not result in the addition or removal of any of our existing segments at December 31, 2024, and the global fund banking and investor dependent loan portfolios, as well as a substantial portion of the cash flow dependent and innovation commercial and industrial (“innovation C&I”) loans, remain in the SVB Commercial segment. Segment disclosures for 2024 periods included in this Form 10-Q were recast to conform with the Segment Reporting Updates summarized above. Refer to Note 17—Segment Information for additional information.

2025 Loan Class Changes
At December 31, 2024, our disclosures for loans and leases and the allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) were aggregated into Commercial, Consumer, and SVB portfolios, each of which consisted of several loan classes as summarized below:
• The Commercial portfolio consisted of the following loan classes: commercial construction, owner occupied commercial mortgage, non-owner occupied commercial mortgage, commercial and industrial, and leases.
• The Consumer portfolio consisted of the following loan classes: residential mortgage, revolving mortgage, consumer auto, and consumer other.
10

• The SVB portfolio consisted of the following loan classes: global fund banking, investor dependent - early stage, investor dependent - growth stage, and cash flow dependent and innovation C&I.

For further descriptions of these loan classes, refer to Note 1—Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our 2024 Form 10-K.

During the second quarter of 2025, the loan classes which were reported in the SVB portfolio in the 2024 Form 10-K were recast to the Commercial portfolio (the “2025 Loan Class Changes”) as summarized below:
• Global fund banking remained a separate loan class, but is reported under the Commercial portfolio.
• Investor dependent–early stage and investor dependent–growth stage were combined into a single investor dependent loan class, which is reported under the Commercial portfolio.
• Cash flow dependent and innovation C&I was combined with the commercial and industrial loan class, which is reported under the Commercial portfolio.
Loan and lease and ALLL disclosures for all periods presented in this Form 10-Q were recast to reflect the 2025 Loan Class Changes. Refer to Note 4—Loans and Leases and Note 5—Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses.

The disclosures in Note 17—Segment Information were not recast as a result of the 2025 Loan Class Changes because the composition of reportable segments is separate and distinct from the identification of loan classes.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions impact the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes and the disclosures provided, and actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant estimate related to the determination of the ALLL is considered a critical accounting estimate.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Significant accounting policies are described in the 2024 Form 10-K. There were no material changes to these policies during the six months ended June 30, 2025.

NOTE 2 — BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

On March 27, 2023 (the “SVBB Acquisition Date”), FCB acquired substantially all loans and certain other assets and assumed all customer deposits and certain other liabilities of Silicon Valley Bridge Bank, N.A. (“SVBB”) from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) pursuant to the terms of a purchase and assumption agreement (the “SVBB Purchase Agreement”) by and among FCB, the FDIC, and the FDIC, as receiver of SVBB (the “SVBB Acquisition”).

In connection with the SVBB Purchase Agreement, FCB entered into a commercial shared loss agreement with the FDIC (the “Shared-Loss Agreement”). On April 7, 2025, FCB and the FDIC entered into an agreement (the “Shared-Loss Termination Agreement”) to terminate the Shared-Loss Agreement. As a result of entering into the Shared-Loss Termination Agreement, all rights and obligations of the parties under the Shared-Loss Agreement terminated as of the date of the Shared-Loss Termination Agreement, including FCB’s reporting covenants and obligations related to FDIC Loss Sharing and FCB reimbursement (each as defined in Note 2—Business Combinations in our 2024 Form 10-K). There was no impact to our consolidated balance sheets or statements of income resulting from the Shared-Loss Termination Agreement because there was no loss indemnification asset or true-up liability associated with the Shared-Loss Agreement, primarily based on evaluation of historical loss experience and the credit quality of the Covered Assets (as defined in Note 2—Business Combinations in our 2024 Form 10-K).

In connection with the SVBB Acquisition, FCB issued a five-year $ 36.07  billion note payable to the FDIC, maturing March 27, 2028, which was amended and restated on November 20, 2023 (the “Purchase Money Note”). FCB and the FDIC, as lender and as collateral agent, also entered into an Advance Facility Agreement, dated as of the SVBB Acquisition Date, and effective as of November 20, 2023 (the “Advance Facility Agreement”), which provided total advances available through March 27, 2025 of up to $ 70  billion solely to provide liquidity to offset deposit withdrawal or runoff of former SVBB deposit accounts and to fund the unfunded commercial lending commitments acquired in the SVBB Acquisition. There were no amounts outstanding on the facility at the end of the draw period on March 27, 2025.

Refer to Note 2—Business Combinations in our 2024 Form 10-K for further discussion of the SVBB Acquisition, Purchase Money Note, and the Advance Facility Agreement.

11

NOTE 3 — INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following tables include the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities:

Amortized Cost and Fair Value - Investment Securities

dollars in millions June 30, 2025
Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value
Investment securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury $ 12,125   $ 50   $ ( 5 ) $ 12,170  
Government agency 62   —   ( 2 ) 60  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 17,118   196   ( 390 ) 16,924  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 3,695   26   ( 185 ) 3,536  
Corporate bonds 364   —   ( 11 ) 353  
Municipal bonds 17   —   —   17  

Total investment securities available for sale $ 33,381   $ 272   $ ( 593 ) $ 33,060  
Investment in marketable equity securities $ 78   $ 24   $ ( 5 ) $ 97  
Investment securities held to maturity
U.S. Treasury $ 486   $ —   $ ( 21 ) $ 465  
Government agency 1,493   —   ( 78 ) 1,415  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 4,548   19   ( 565 ) 4,002  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 3,359   —   ( 633 ) 2,726  

Supranational securities 302   —   ( 23 ) 279  
Other 1   —   —   1  
Total investment securities held to maturity $ 10,189   $ 19   $ ( 1,320 ) $ 8,888  
Total investment securities $ 43,648   $ 315   $ ( 1,918 ) $ 42,045  

December 31, 2024
Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value
Investment securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury $ 13,897   $ 33   $ ( 27 ) $ 13,903  
Government agency 79   —   ( 2 ) 77  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 16,161   41   ( 582 ) 15,620  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 3,869   7   ( 210 ) 3,666  
Corporate bonds 489   —   ( 22 ) 467  
Municipal bonds 17   —   —   17  
Total investment securities available for sale $ 34,512   $ 81   $ ( 843 ) $ 33,750  
Investment in marketable equity securities $ 79   $ 27   $ ( 5 ) $ 101  
Investment securities held to maturity
U.S. Treasury $ 483   $ —   $ ( 31 ) $ 452  
Government agency 1,489   —   ( 115 ) 1,374  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 4,558   2   ( 682 ) 3,878  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 3,407   —   ( 678 ) 2,729  

Supranational securities 300   —   ( 33 ) 267  
Other 2   —   —   2  
Total investment securities held to maturity $ 10,239   $ 2   $ ( 1,539 ) $ 8,702  
Total investment securities $ 44,830   $ 110   $ ( 2,387 ) $ 42,553  

U.S. Treasury investments include Treasury bills and Notes issued by the U.S. Treasury. Investments in government agency securities represent securities issued by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”), Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and other U.S. agencies. Investments in residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities represent securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association, Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation. Investments in corporate bonds represent positions in debt securities of other financial institutions. Municipal bonds are revenue bonds. Investments in marketable equity securities represent positions in common stock of publicly traded financial institutions. Investments in supranational securities represent securities issued by the Supranational Entities & Multilateral Development Banks. Other held to maturity investments include certificates of deposit with other financial institutions.
12

BancShares initially held approximately 354,000 shares of Visa, Inc. (“Visa”) Class B common stock (“Visa Class B common stock”). Effective January 24, 2024, all outstanding shares of Visa Class B common stock were redenominated as Visa Class B-1 common stock (“Visa Class B-1 common stock”) pursuant to Visa’s eighth amended and restated certificate of incorporation. BancShares currently holds approximately 354,000 shares of Visa Class B-1 common stock. Until the resolution of certain litigation, at which time the Visa Class B-1 common stock will convert to publicly traded Visa Class A common stock, or the potential exchange of Visa Class B-1 common stock for other marketable classes of Visa common stock, these shares are only transferable to other stockholders of Visa Class B-1 common stock or certain new denominations of Visa’s former Class B common stock. As a result, there is limited transfer activity in private transactions between buyers and sellers. Given this limited trading activity and the continuing uncertainty regarding the likelihood, ultimate timing and eventual exchange of Visa Class B-1 common stock for shares of Visa Class A common stock or other marketable classes of Visa common stock, these shares are not considered to have a readily determinable fair value and have no carrying value. BancShares continues to monitor the trading activity in Visa Class B-1 common stock, the status of the resolution of certain litigation matters at Visa, and other potential exchange alternatives that would trigger the conversion of the Visa Class B-1 common stock into Visa Class A common stock or other marketable classes of Visa common stock.

Accrued interest receivable for available for sale and held to maturity debt securities was excluded from the estimate for credit losses. At June 30, 2025, accrued interest receivable for available for sale and held to maturity debt securities was $ 175 million and $ 20 million, respectively. At December 31, 2024, accrued interest receivable for available for sale and held to maturity debt securities was $ 177 million and $ 20  million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, there was no accrued interest that was deemed uncollectible and written off against interest income.

A security is considered past due once it is 30 days contractually past due under the terms of the agreement. There were no securities past due as of June 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

The following table provides the amortized cost and fair value by contractual maturity. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities on certain securities because borrowers and issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties. Residential and commercial mortgage-backed and government agency securities are stated separately as they are not due at a single maturity date.

Maturities - Debt Securities

dollars in millions June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024
Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value
Investment securities available for sale
Non-amortizing securities maturing in:
One year or less $ 6,293   $ 6,307   $ 5,090   $ 5,086  
After one through five years 6,043   6,071   8,945   8,949  
After five through 10 years 153   145   346   330  
After 10 years 17   17   22   22  

Government agency 62   60   79   77  
Residential mortgage-backed securities 17,118   16,924   16,161   15,620  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 3,695   3,536   3,869   3,666  

Total investment securities available for sale $ 33,381   $ 33,060   $ 34,512   $ 33,750  
Investment securities held to maturity
Non-amortizing securities maturing in:
One year or less $ 467   $ 463   $ 429   $ 419  
After one through five years 1,429   1,352   1,299   1,208  
After five through 10 years 386   345   546   468  

Residential mortgage-backed securities 4,548   4,002   4,558   3,878  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 3,359   2,726   3,407   2,729  

Total investment securities held to maturity $ 10,189   $ 8,888   $ 10,239   $ 8,702  

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T he following table presents interest and dividend income on investment securities:

Interest and Dividends on Investment Securities

dollars in millions Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Interest income - taxable investment securities (1)
$ 418   $ 330   $ 831   $ 611  

Dividend income - marketable equity securities 1   —   2   1  
Interest on investment securities $ 419   $ 330   $ 833   $ 612  

(1) Amount includes interest income on securities purchased under agreements to resell.

The following table presents the gross realized gain and loss on sales of investment securities available for sale, and the net realized gain on sale of marketable equity securities:

Realized Gain (Loss) on Sale of Investment Securities, Net

dollars in millions Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Gross realized gain on sale of investment securities available for sale $ —   $ —   $ 1   $ —  
Gross realized loss on sale of investment securities available for sale —   —   ( 2 ) —  
Net realized loss on sale of investment securities available for sale —   —   ( 1 ) —  
Net realized gain on sale of marketable equity securities
—   —   1   —  
Realized gain (loss) on sale of investment securities, net $ —   $ —   $ —   $ —  

The following table provides information regarding investment securities available for sale with unrealized losses:

Gross Unrealized Losses on Debt Securities Available For Sale

dollars in millions June 30, 2025
Less than 12 months 12 months or more Total
Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses
Investment securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury $ 1,201   $ ( 2 ) $ 395   $ ( 3 ) $ 1,596   $ ( 5 )
Government agency —   —   60   ( 2 ) 60   ( 2 )
Residential mortgage-backed securities 616   ( 4 ) 3,441   ( 386 ) 4,057   ( 390 )
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 338   ( 1 ) 1,259   ( 184 ) 1,597   ( 185 )
Corporate bonds 51   —   284   ( 11 ) 335   ( 11 )

Total $ 2,206   $ ( 7 ) $ 5,439   $ ( 586 ) $ 7,645   $ ( 593 )

December 31, 2024
Less than 12 months 12 months or more Total
Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses
Investment securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury $ 3,791   $ ( 12 ) $ 981   $ ( 15 ) $ 4,772   $ ( 27 )
Government agency —   —   77   ( 2 ) 77   ( 2 )
Residential mortgage-backed securities 7,470   ( 61 ) 3,575   ( 521 ) 11,045   ( 582 )
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 1,183   ( 8 ) 1,342   ( 202 ) 2,525   ( 210 )
Corporate bonds 16   —   438   ( 22 ) 454   ( 22 )

Total $ 12,460   $ ( 81 ) $ 6,413   $ ( 762 ) $ 18,873   $ ( 843 )

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As of June 30, 2025, there were 458 investment securities available for sale with continuous unrealized losses for more than 12 months, of which 414 were government sponsored enterprise-issued mortgage-backed securities, government agency securities, or U.S. Treasury securities and the remaining 44 were corporate bonds. BancShares has the ability and intent to retain these securities for a period of time sufficient to recover all unrealized losses. Given the consistently strong credit rating of the U.S. Treasury, and the long history of no credit losses on debt securities issued by government agencies and government sponsored entities, as of June 30, 2025, no allowance for credit loss was required. For corporate bonds, we analyzed the changes in interest rates relative to when the investment securities were purchased or acquired, and considered other factors including changes in credit ratings, delinquencies, and other macroeconomic factors. As a result of this analysis, we determined that no allowance for credit loss was required for investment securities available for sale as of June 30, 2025.

BancShares’ portfolio of held to maturity debt securities consists of mortgage-backed securities issued by government agencies and government sponsored entities, U.S. Treasury notes, unsecured bonds issued by government agencies and government sponsored entities, and securities issued by the Supranational Entities & Multilateral Development Banks. Given the consistently strong credit rating of the U.S. Treasury, the Supranational Entities & Multilateral Development Banks and the long history of no credit losses on debt securities issued by government agencies and government sponsored entities, no allowance for credit loss was required for debt securities held to maturity as of June 30, 2025.

There were no debt securities on nonaccrual status as of June 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

Investment securities having an aggregate carrying value of $ 4.00 billion at June 30, 2025, and $ 3.94 billion at December 31, 2024, were pledged as collateral to secure public funds on deposit and certain short-term borrowings, and for other purposes as required by law.

Certain investments held by BancShares are reported in other assets, including FHLB stock and nonmarketable securities without readily determinable fair values that are recorded at cost, and investments in qualified affordable housing projects, all of which are accounted for under the proportional amortization method (the “PAM”).

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NOTE 4 — LOANS AND LEASES

Unless otherwise noted, loans held for sale are not included in the following tables. Leases in the following tables include finance leases, but exclude operating lease equipment.

Loans by Class
dollars in millions June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024
Commercial
Commercial construction $ 5,714   $ 5,109  
Owner occupied commercial mortgage 17,053   16,842  
Non-owner occupied commercial mortgage 16,100   16,194  
Commercial and industrial 40,658   40,737  
Leases 2,028   2,014  
Global fund banking 28,677   27,904  
Investor dependent 2,777   3,193  
Total commercial 113,007   111,993  
Consumer
Residential mortgage 23,059   23,152  
Revolving mortgage 2,736   2,567  
Consumer auto 1,490   1,523  
Consumer other 977   986  
Total consumer 28,262   28,228  
Total loans and leases $ 141,269   $ 140,221  

Refer to Note 1—Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation for discussion related to changes in loan classes.

At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accrued interest receivable on loans included in other assets was $ 605 million and $ 603 million, respectively, and was excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

The discount on acquired loans is accreted to interest income over the contractual life of the loan using the effective interest method. Discount accretion income was $ 75 million and $ 159 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, including $ 4 million and $ 12 million for unfunded commitments, respectively. Discount accretion income was $ 145 million and $ 308 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, including $ 20 million and $ 56 million for unfunded commitments, respectively.

The following table presents selected components of the amortized cost of loans, including the unamortized discount on acquired loans.

Components of Amortized Cost

dollars in millions June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024
Deferred fees, including unamortized costs and unearned fees on non-PCD loans $ ( 88 ) $ ( 91 )

Net unamortized discount on acquired loans
Non-PCD $ 1,399 $ 1,504
PCD 51 94  
Total net unamortized discount $ 1,450 $ 1,598

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The aging and nonaccrual status of the outstanding loans and leases by class at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are provided in the tables below. Loans and leases less than 30 days past due are considered current, as various grace periods allow borrowers to make payments within a stated period after the due date and remain in compliance with the respective agreement.

Loans and Leases - Delinquency and Nonaccrual Status (1) (2)

dollars in millions June 30, 2025
Accruing Loans
30-59 Days
Past Due 60-89 Days
Past Due 90 Days or
Greater Total
Past Due Current Total Accruing Nonaccrual Loans Total
Commercial
Commercial construction $ 24   $ —   $ 25   $ 49   $ 5,644   $ 5,693   $ 21   $ 5,714  
Owner occupied commercial mortgage 50   36   8   94   16,867   16,961   92   17,053  
Non-owner occupied commercial mortgage 4   58   88   150   15,615   15,765   335   16,100  
Commercial and industrial 105   74   10   189   39,907   40,096   562   40,658  
Leases 22   7   —   29   1,971   2,000   28   2,028  
Global fund banking —   —   —   —   28,677   28,677   —   28,677  
Investor dependent 2   2   —   4   2,704   2,708   69   2,777  
Total commercial 207   177   131   515   111,385   111,900   1,107   113,007  
Consumer
Residential mortgage 141   29   5   175   22,713   22,888   171   23,059  
Revolving mortgage 14   2   —   16   2,688   2,704   32   2,736  
Consumer auto 9   2   —   11   1,471   1,482   8   1,490  
Consumer other 6   3   2   11   965   976   1   977  
Total consumer 170   36   7   213   27,837   28,050   212   28,262  
Total loans and leases $ 377   $ 213   $ 138   $ 728   $ 139,222   $ 139,950   $ 1,319   $ 141,269  

December 31, 2024
Accruing Loans
30-59 Days
Past Due 60-89 Days
Past Due 90 Days or
Greater Total
Past Due Current Total Accruing Nonaccrual Loans Total
Commercial
Commercial construction $ 21   $ 1   $ 1   $ 23   $ 5,077   $ 5,100   $ 9   $ 5,109  
Owner occupied commercial mortgage 30   9   2   41   16,739   16,780   62   16,842  
Non-owner occupied commercial mortgage 43   27   78   148   15,621   15,769   425   16,194  
Commercial and industrial 170   40   16   226   40,122   40,348   389   40,737  
Leases 33   11   2   46   1,937   1,983   31   2,014  
Global fund banking —   —   —   —   27,904   27,904   —   27,904  
Investor dependent 10   1   —   11   3,095   3,106   87   3,193  
Total commercial 307   89   99   495   110,495   110,990   1,003   111,993  
Consumer
Residential mortgage 172   27   7   206   22,798   23,004   148   23,152  
Revolving mortgage 20   4   —   24   2,519   2,543   24   2,567  
Consumer auto 12   3   —   15   1,500   1,515   8   1,523  
Consumer other 5   3   3   11   974   985   1   986  
Total consumer 209   37   10   256   27,791   28,047   181   28,228  
Total loans and leases $ 516   $ 126   $ 109   $ 751   $ 138,286   $ 139,037   $ 1,184   $ 140,221  

(1)     Accrued interest that was reversed when the loan went to nonaccrual status was $ 10 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and $ 14 million for the year ended December 31, 2024.
(2)     Nonaccrual loans for which there was no related ALLL totaled $ 362 million at June 30, 2025 and $ 303 million at December 31, 2024.

Other real estate owned (“OREO”) and repossessed assets were $ 103 million as of June 30, 2025 and $ 64 million as of December 31, 2024.

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Credit Quality Indicators
Loans and leases are monitored for credit quality on a recurring basis. Commercial loans and leases and consumer loans have different credit quality indicators as a result of the unique characteristics of the loan classes being evaluated. The credit quality indicators for commercial loans and leases are developed through a review of individual borrowers on an ongoing basis. Commercial loans are evaluated periodically with more frequent evaluations done on criticized loans. The indicators as of the date presented are based on the most recent assessment performed and are defined below:

Pass – A pass rated asset is not adversely classified because it does not display any of the characteristics for adverse classification.

Special mention – A special mention asset has potential weaknesses which deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, such potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects or collateral position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not warrant adverse classification.

Substandard – A substandard asset is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets classified as substandard generally have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. These assets are characterized by the distinct possibility of loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful – An asset classified as doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in an asset classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values.

Loss – Assets classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value it is inappropriate to be carried as an asset. This classification is not necessarily equivalent to any potential for recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not appropriate to defer a full charge-off even though partial recovery may be affected in the future.

Ungraded – Ungraded loans represent loans not included in the individual credit grading process due to their relatively small balances or borrower type. The majority of ungraded loans at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, relate to business credit cards. Business credit card loans are subject to automatic charge-off when they become 120 days past due in the same manner as unsecured consumer lines of credit.

The credit quality indicator for consumer loans is based on delinquency status of the borrower as of the date presented. As the borrower becomes more delinquent, the likelihood of loss increases. An exemption is applied to government guaranteed loans as the principal repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration and U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and thus remain on accrual status regardless of delinquency status.

The following tables summarize the commercial loans disaggregated by year of origination and by risk rating. The consumer loan delinquency status by year of origination is also presented below. The tables reflect the amortized cost of the loans and include purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”) loans.

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Commercial Loans - Risk Classifications by Class

June 30, 2025
Risk Classification: Term Loans by Origination Year Revolving Converted to Term Loans
dollars in millions 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 & Prior Revolving Total
Commercial construction
Pass $ 1,169   $ 1,610   $ 1,540   $ 666   $ 97   $ 85   $ 344   $ —   $ 5,511  
Special Mention —   —   56   —   —   7   —   —   63  
Substandard 21   12   2   86   14   2   —   —   137  
Doubtful 3   —   —   —   —   —   —   —   3  
Ungraded —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —  
Total commercial construction 1,193   1,622   1,598   752   111   94   344   —   5,714  
Owner occupied commercial mortgage
Pass 1,264   2,645   2,420   2,568   2,406   4,503   208   29   16,043  
Special Mention 22   27   54   108   42   56   2   —   311  
Substandard 24   47   105   189   72   239   17   1   694  
Doubtful —   —   4   —   1   —   —   —   5  
Ungraded —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —  
Total owner occupied commercial mortgage 1,310   2,719   2,583   2,865   2,521   4,798   227   30   17,053  
Non-owner occupied commercial mortgage
Pass 1,379   2,943   3,330   2,431   1,479   2,819   102   3   14,486  
Special Mention 57   26   170   157   4   16   —   —   430  
Substandard 229   289   156   139   42   243   2   —   1,100  
Doubtful 7   12   —   13   4   48   —   —   84  
Ungraded —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —  
Total non-owner occupied commercial mortgage 1,672   3,270   3,656   2,740   1,529   3,126   104   3   16,100  
Commercial and industrial
Pass 6,411   9,072   4,805   3,649   1,927   1,908   8,923   51   36,746  
Special Mention 104   178   130   221   172   50   133   —   988  
Substandard 247   232   448   639   351   77   579   3   2,576  
Doubtful 18   17   32   33   11   1   86   —   198  
Ungraded —   —   —   —   —   —   150   —   150  
Total commercial and industrial 6,780   9,499   5,415   4,542   2,461   2,036   9,871   54   40,658  
Leases
Pass 414   629   417   217   97   84   —   —   1,858  
Special Mention 11   20   15   22   3   1   —   —   72  
Substandard 13   26   25   12   9   5   —   —   90  
Doubtful 1   2   2   2   1   —   —   —   8  
Ungraded —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —  
Total leases 439   677   459   253   110   90   —   —   2,028  
Global fund banking
Pass 325   890   144   106   13   18   27,164   13   28,673  
Special Mention —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —  
Substandard —   —   —   3   —   —   1   —   4  
Doubtful —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —  
Ungraded —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —  
Total global fund banking 325   890   144   109   13   18   27,165   13   28,677  
Investor dependent
Pass 514   906   279   166   4   —   261   —   2,130  
Special Mention 26   32   24   6   9   —   4   —   101  
Substandard 8   178   165   69   6   —   51   —   477  
Doubtful 2   24   11   19   4   —   9   —   69  
Ungraded —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —   —  
Total investor dependent 550   1,140   479   260   23   —   325   —   2,777  
Total commercial $ 12,269   $ 19,817   $ 14,334   $ 11,521   $ 6,768   $ 10,162   $ 38,036   $ 100   $ 113,007  

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Consumer Loans - Delinquency Status by Class

June 30, 2025
Days Past Due: Term Loans by Origination Year Revolving Converted to Term Loans
dollars in millions 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 & Prior Revolving Total
Residential mortgage
Current $ 983   $ 2,265   $ 2,769   $ 5,022   $ 4,914   $ 6,795   $ 5   $ —   $ 22,753  
30-59 days —   4   14   23   14   99   —   —   154  
60-89 days —   1   2   6   5   30   —   —   44  
90 days or greater 1   1   4   8   13   81   —   —   108  
Total residential mortgage 984   2,271   2,789   5,059   4,946   7,005   5   —   23,059  
Revolving mortgage
Current —   —   —   —   —   —   2,580   120   2,700  
30-59 days —   —   —   —   —   —   11   5   16  
60-89 days —   —   —   —   —   —   1   4   5  
90 days or greater —   —   —   —   —   —   3   12   15  
Total revolving mortgage —   —   —   —   —   —   2,595   141   2,736  
Consumer auto
Current 298   508   283   214   112   59   —   —   1,474  
30-59 days —   3   3   2   1   1   —   —   10  
60-89 days —   1   1   1   —   —   —   —   3  
90 days or greater —   1   1   1   —   —   —   —   3  
Total consumer auto 298   513   288   218   113   60   —   —   1,490  
Consumer other
Current 47   126   103   75   21   20   574   —   966  
30-59 days —   1   1   —   —   —   3   —   5  
60-89 days —   —   —   —   —   1   2   —   3  
90 days or greater —   —   —   —   —   1   2   —   3  
Total consumer other 47   127   104   75   21   22   581   —   977  
Total consumer $ 1,329   $ 2,911   $ 3,181   $ 5,352   $ 5,080   $ 7,087   $ 3,181   $ 141   $ 28,262  

 

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The following tables represent current credit quality indicators by origination year as of December 31, 2024:

Commercial Loans - Risk Classifications by Class