FULLTEXT DEL 8 AV 11

Årsredovisning 2025

Föregående del · Dokumentindex · Nästa del

Nordea Annual Report 2025 252
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.2 Pensions
Accounting policies
Defined contribution plans
Pension plans that are based on defined contribution 
arrangements hold no pension liability for Nordea. 
Pension costs for defined contribution plans are rec-
ognised as an expense as the employee renders ser-
vices to the entity and the contribution payable in 
exchange for that service becomes due. In general, 
the payment is associated with and settled through 
regular salary payments. Nordea also contributes to 
state pension plans. 
Pension costs for defined contribution plans 
related to the fulfilment of insurance contracts 
accounted for under IFRS 17 are included gross in 
this note. In the income statement those costs are 
presented as part of the accounting for insurance 
contracts and not as “Staff costs”, see Note G8.1 
“Fixed and variable salaries”. 
Pension costs for defined contribution plans that 
fulfil the capitalisation requirements defined in the 
accounting policies in Note G5.1 “Intangible assets” 
are included gross in this note, but capitalised and 
added to “Intangible assets” on the balance sheet.
Defined benefit plans
IAS 19 ensures that the pension obligations net of 
plan assets backing these obligations are reflected 
on the Group’s balance sheet. The major defined 
benefit plans are funded, covered by assets in pen-
sion funds/foundations. If the fair value of plan 
assets associated with a specific pension plan is 
lower than the gross present value of the defined 
benefit obligation determined using the projected 
unit credit method, the net amount is recognised as 
a liability (“Retirement benefit liabilities”). If not, the 
net amount is recognised as an asset (“Retirement 
benefit assets”). Non-funded pension plans are rec-
ognised as “Retirement benefit liabilities”. Also plans 
that fulfil the accounting requirements for defined 
contribution plans are accounted for as defined ben-
efit plans if the payment obligations have not been 
transferred.
Nordea’s net obligation for defined benefit plans 
is calculated separately for each plan by estimating 
the amount of future benefit that employees have 
earned for their service in the current period and 
prior periods. That benefit is discounted to deter-
mine its present value. Actuarial calculations, includ-
ing the projected unit credit method, are applied to 
assess the present value of defined benefit obliga-
tions and related costs, based on several actuarial 
and financial assumptions. Current service cost and 
past service cost are recognised in the income state-
ment in the current year. Current service cost is 
defined as the increase in the present value of the 
defined benefit obligation resulting from employee 
service in the current period. Past service cost is the 
change in the present value of the defined benefit 
obligation for employee service in prior periods trig-
gered by plan amendments or curtailments.
The present value of the obligation and the fair 
value of any plan assets are impacted by changes in 
actuarial assumptions (discount rates (interest rates 
and credit spreads), inflation, salary increases, turn-
over and mortality) and experience effects, including 
actual outcome compared to assumptions. The 
remeasurement effects are recognised immediately 
in equity through other comprehensive income. 
The discount rate is determined by reference to 
high-quality corporate bonds where a deep enough 
market for such bonds exists. Covered bonds are in 
this context considered to be corporate bonds. In 
Sweden, Norway and Denmark, the discount rate is 
determined with reference to covered bonds, 
whereas in Finland and the UK it is determined with 
reference to corporate bonds. In Sweden, Norway, 
Finland and Denmark, the observed bond credit 
spreads over the swap curve are derived from long-
dated covered or corporate bonds and extrapolated 
to the same duration as the pension obligations 
using the relevant swap curves. In the UK, the cor-
porate bond credit spread over the government 
bond rate is extrapolated to the same duration as 
the pension obligations using the government bond 
curve. 
When the calculation results in a net asset, the 
recognised asset is limited to the present value of 
any future refunds from the plan or reductions in 
future contributions to the plan. 
Social security contributions are calculated and 
accounted for based on the net recognised surplus 
or deficit by plan and are included on the balance 
sheet as “Retirement benefit liabilities” or 
“Retirement benefit assets”. 
Pension costs for defined benefit plans related to 
the fulfilment of insurance contracts accounted for 
under IFRS 17 are included gross in this note. In the 
income statement those costs are presented as part 
of the accounting for insurance contracts and not as 
“Staff costs”, see Note G8.1 “Fixed and variable 
salaries”. 
Pension costs for defined benefit plans that fulfil 
the capitalisation requirements defined in the 
accounting policies in Note G5.1 “Intangible assets” 
are included gross in this note, but capitalised and 
added to “Intangible assets” on the balance sheet.
Critical judgements and estimation uncertainty 
The defined benefit obligation for major pension 
plans is calculated by external actuaries using demo-
graphic assumptions based on the current popula-
tion. As a basis for these calculations a number of 
actuarial and financial parameters are used.
The estimation of the discount rate is subject to 
uncertainty about whether corporate bond markets 
are deep enough and of high quality. There is also 
uncertainty about the extrapolation of yield curves 
to relevant maturities. Other parameters, like 
assumptions about salary increases and inflation, 
are based on the expected long-term development 
of these parameters and also subject to estimation 
uncertainty. The main parameters used at year end 
are disclosed together with a description of the sen-
sitivity to changes in assumptions. The defined ben-
efit obligation was EUR 2,753m (EUR 2,651m) at the 
end of the year.
Pension costs
The companies within Nordea have various pension plans.
They consist of both defined benefit plans and defined 
contribution plans, reflecting national practices and condi-
tions in the countries where Nordea operates.
Pension costs
EURm 2025 2024
Defined contribution plans -280 -263
Defined benefit plans1 -14 -19
Defined contribution plans where payment 
obligations have not been transferred1 -6 -6
Total gross -300 -288
1)  Excluding special wage tax (SWT) in Sweden and social security contributions 
(SSC) in Norway totalling EUR -5m (EUR -7m).
Defined contribution plans
All new employees have been offered defined contribution 
plans since 2013 when the defined benefit plan in Sweden 
was closed for new members. The defined contribution 
plans follow the local collective agreements and regulations 
in each country. 
In Norway, Nordea
 is part of a collectively agreed multi- 
employer pension plan in the private sector (AFP), provid-
ing entitled employees with an additional life annuity to 
their regular pensions. As no information is available on 
Nordea’s share of the liabilities/assets and pension cost, 
the AFP is accounted for as a defined contribution plan in 
accordance with IAS 19. 
The AFP plan is financed by an annual premium, for 
2025 equal to 2.7% of employees’ salary between 1 and 7.1 
times the Norwegian social security base amount (“G”). 
The premium amounted to EUR 4m (EUR 3m).
Defined benefit plans
The plans are operated in accordance with local regula-
tory requirements, collective agreements and local prac-
tice and are generally employer-financed final salary and 
service-based pension plans providing pension benefits in 
addition to the statutory systems. All defined benefit plans 
are closed for new entrants; new employees are offered 
defined contribution plans.

===== SIDA 254 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 253
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.2 P ensions, cont.
In Sweden, 2,420 (2,565) employees earn defined bene-
fit pension rights as the primary pension plan. In Finland, 
968 (1,084) employees earn defined benefit pension rights 
as a supplementary pension to the statutory pension plan 
(TyEL). 
In Norway, 153 (175) employees earn defined benefit 
pension rights as the primary pension plan. Further, 1,118 
(1,194) employees and 14 (0) retired employees have 
defined contribution plans where the pension obligations 
have not been transferred, which means that they are 
accounted for as retirement benefit liabilities. 
Retirement benefit assets and liabilities
EURm 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Funded defined benefit plans with net 
asset positions 334 360
Funded defined benefit plans with net 
liability positions -18 -16
Unfunded defined benefit plans -227 -213
Defined contribution plans where payment 
obligations have not been transferred -51 -43
Net liability (-)/asset (+) 38 88
In general, the liabilities are safeguarded by assets in dedi-
cated pension funds or foundations or alternatively by 
credit insurance (Sweden only). Pension funds and foun-
dations hold both the assets and the pension liabilities, 
except for Sweden where the pension foundation serves 
as collateral for the pension liabilites held by Nordea. 
Minimum funding requirements differ between the 
pension funds and foundations according to local regula-
tory requirements. The funding requirement is generally 
that the pension obligations measured using local require-
ments must be covered in full by a local predefined sur-
plus. Other pension plans are not covered by funding 
requirements and are generally unfunded. The respective 
Nordea entities issuing the defined pension benefit serve 
as the sponsoring undertaking in accordance with the EU 
IORP II Directive. 
IAS 19 pension calculations and assumptions
Defined benefit plans impact Nordea via changes in the 
net present value of obligations and/or changes in the 
market value of plan assets. Calculations are performed by 
external actuaries and are based on actuarial assumptions 
reflecting long-term expectations.
The assumptions disclosed for 2025 impact the liability 
calculations by year-end 2025, while assumptions dis-
closed for 2024 impact the calculations of 2025 pension 
expenses.
Assumptions
SE NO FI DK UK
2025
Discount 
rate 3.53% 4.39% 3.67% 2.94% 5.57%
Salary 
increase 2.70% 3.75% 2.50% 2.25% –2
Inflation 1.70% –3 2.00% –1 3.15%
Mortality DUS23 K2013FT TyEl 2016 FSA 25 CMI 2025
2024
Discount 
rate 3.26% 4.24% 3.26% 2.47% 5.46%
Salary 
increase 2.60% 3.25% 2.50% 2.25% –2
Inflation 1.60% –3 2.00% –1 3.50%
Mortality DUS23 K2013FT TyEl 2016 FSA 24 CMI 2024
1)  In flation has no impact on the defined benefit obligation in Denmark, as the 
benefits are salary indexed.
2)  No ac tive employees in the UK, no impact from salary increases.
3)  In flation has no impact on the defined benefit obligation in Norway. The 
 indexation is rather dependent on the return on the plan assets. 
Sensitivities – impact on defined benefit obligations
% SE NO FI DK UK
Discount rate 
- Increase 50bp -8.22% -6.50% -4.59% -3.55% -5.60%
Discount rate 
- Decrease 50bp 9.36% 7.20% 5.01% 3.79% 6.16%
Salary increase 
- Increase 50bp 1.85% 0.10% 0.16% 4.93% –
Salary increase 
- Decrease 50bp -1.47% -0.10% -0.16% -4.66% –
Inflation  
- Increase 50bp 9.19% – 4.60% – 0.58%
Inflation  
- Decrease 50bp -8.12% – -4.25% – -0.55%
Mortality  
- Increase 1 year 4.76% 3.43% 4.29% 6.55% 2.96%
Mortality  
- Decrease 1 year -4.60% -4.55% -4.22% -6.35% -3.64%
The sensitivity analyses are prepared by changing one 
actuarial assumption while keeping the other assumptions 
unchanged. This is a simplified approach as the actuarial 
assumptions are usually correlated. However, it makes it 
possible to isolate one effect from another. The method 
used for calculating the impact on the obligations is the 
same as when calculating the obligations accounted for in 
the financial statements. The sensitivity analyses include 
the impact on the liabilities held for future special wage 
tax (SWT) in Sweden and social security contributions 
(SSC) in Norway. 
Net retirement benefit liabilities/assets
EURm
Sweden Norway Finland Denmark UK Total
2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Obligations 1,434 1,385 723 615 477 526 66 70 53 55 2,753 2,651
Plan assets 1,505 1,416 571 576 569 591 81 86 65 70 2,791 2,739
Net liability( -)/asset(+) 71 31 -152 -39 92 65 15 16 12 15 38 88
- of which plans with net assets 167 126 44 133 93 66 18 20 12 15 334 360
- of which plans with net liabilities 96 95 196 172 1 1 3 4 – – 296 272

===== SIDA 255 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 254
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.2 P ensions, cont.
Movements in obligations
EURm
Sweden Norway Finland Denmark UK Total
2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Opening balance 1,385 1,447 615 689 526 584 70 71 55 58 2,651 2,849
Current service cost 16 15 5 4 1 1 – – – – 22 20
Interest cost 47 43 25 24 16 17 2 2 3 3 93 89
Pensions paid -75 -73 -31 -32 -39 -40 -7 -7 -3 -2 -155 -154
Past service cost and settlements 0 1 – 1 1 0 – – – – 1 2
Remeasurement from changes in demographic assumptions – 4 – 35 – – 1 -1 1 0 2 38
Remeasurement from changes in financial assumptions -35 -46 99 -69 -20 -35 -2 1 -1 -5 41 -154
Remeasurement from experience adjustments 23 25 -5 5 -8 -1 2 4 0 -1 12 32
Translation differences 80 -41 -4 -33 – – 0 0 -2 2 74 -72
Change in provision for SWT/SSC1 -7 10 19 -9 – – – – – – 12 1
Closing balance 1,434 1,385 723 615 477 526 66 70 53 55 2,753 2,651
- of which relates to the active population 20% 19% 9% 9% 9% 10% – – – – 15% 14%
1) Change in the pr ovision for SWT in Sweden and SSC in Norway.
The average duration of the obligations is 14 (15) years in Sweden, 13 (11) years in Norway, 10 (10) years in Finland, 8 (8) years in Denmark and 12 (13) years in the UK based on  
 discounted cash flows. 
Movements in the fair value of plan assets
EURm
Sweden Norway Finland Denmark UK Total
2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Opening balance 1,416 1,411 576 586 591 629 86 88 70 73 2,739 2,787
Interest income (calculated using the discount rate) 48 42 24 21 18 18 2 2 4 3 96 86
Pensions paid – – -24 -24 -39 -40 -7 -7 -3 -3 -73 -74
Contributions/refunds by/to employer 0 0 3 4 -1 0 1 2 – – 3 6
Remeasurement (actual return less interest income) -41 3 -6 18 0 -16 -1 1 -2 -7 -50 -1
Translation differences 82 -40 -2 -29 – – 0 0 -4 4 76 -65
Closing balance 1,505 1,416 571 576 569 591 81 86 65 70 2,791 2,739

===== SIDA 256 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 255
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.2 P ensions, cont.
Asset composition
Assets are invested in diversified portfolios as further dis-
closed below, with bond exposures mitigating the interest 
rate risk related to the obligations and a fair amount of 
real assets reducing the long-term inflationary risk related 
to the liabilities.
The asset return in 2025 was positive in all countries. 
Results were primarily driven by strong equity perfor-
mance while increasing discount rates during the period 
decreased the overall return to 1.7% (3.0%).
At the end of the year, the equity exposure in Nordea´s 
pension funds/foundations represented 22% (22%) of total 
assets. The Group expects to contribute EUR 2m to its 
funded defined benefit plans in 2026.
Asset composition in funded schemes
%
Sweden Norway Finland Denmark UK Total
2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Bonds 87% 86% 71% 71% 60% 60% 85% 85% 100% 96% 79% 77%
- sovereign 35% 35% 33% 32% 24% 28% 22% 21% 100% 96% 34% 34%
- covered bonds 34% 33% 30% 31% 8% 7% 63% 64% – – 28% 27%
- corporate bonds 18% 18% 8% 8% 28% 25% – – – – 17% 16%
- issued by Nordea entities 2% 2% 7% 5% – – – – – – 2% 2%
-  with quo ted market price in an active market 87% 86% 71% 71% 60% 60% 85% 85% 100% 96% 79% 77%
Equities 28% 28% 15% 14% 20% 20% 8% 9% – 4% 22% 22%
- domestic 5% 5% 5% 4% 5% 5% – 9% – 3% 5% 5%
- European 4% 4% 5% 5% – 5% 4% – – – 3% 4%
- US 5% 5% 5% 5% 10% 5% 4% – – 1% 6% 5%
- emerging 5% 5% – – 5% 5% – – – – 3% 3%
- private equity 9% 9% – – – – – – – – 5% 5%
- Nordea shares – – – – – – – – – – – –
-  with quo ted market price in an active market 19% 18% 15% 14% 20% 20% 8% 9% – 4% 17% 17%
Real estate 1% 1% 11% 9% 19% 19% – – – – 7% 7%
- occupied by Nordea – – – – 10% 11% – – – – 2% 2%
Interest rate swaps -11% -10% – – 0% – – – – – -6% -5%
Insurance contracts – – 2% – 0% 1% 0% 6% – – 0% 1%
Cash and cash equivalents -5% -5% 1% 6% 1% 0% 7% 0% 0% 0% -2% -2%

===== SIDA 257 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 256
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.2 P ensions, cont.
Defined benefit pension cost
The total net pension cost related to defined benefit plans 
(DBPs) recognised in the Group’s income statement (as 
staff costs) for the year amounted to EUR 25m (EUR 32m). 
EUR 132m (EUR -99m) was recognised in other compre-
hensive income. The amounts include SWT in Sweden and 
SSC in Norway (see specification of total pension costs 
recognised in the income statement in the table “Pension 
costs”).
Recognised in the income statement
EURm
Sweden Norway1 Finland Denmark UK Total
2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Current service cost 16 15 5 4 1 1 – – – – 22 20
Net interest -1 1 1 3 -2 -1 0 0 -1 0 -3 3
Past service cost and settlements 0 1 – 1 1 0 – – 0 0 1 2
SWT/SSC 3 6 2 1 – – – – – – 5 7
Pension costs related to DBPs (expense+/income-) 18 23 8 9 0 0 0 0 -1 0 25 32
1) “Curr ent service cost” of EUR 5m (EUR 4m) and “Net interest” of EUR 1m (EUR 1m) related to defined contribution plans where payment obligations have not been transferred . 
Recognised in other comprehensive income
EURm
Sweden Norway Finland Denmark UK Total
2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Remeasurement from changes in demographic assumptions – 4 – 35 – – 1 -1 1 0 2 38
Remeasurement from changes in financial assumptions -35 -46 99 -69 -20 -35 -2 1 -1 -5 41 -154
Remeasurement from experience adjustments 23 25 -5 5 -8 -1 2 4 0 -1 12 32
Remeasurement of plan assets (actual return less interest 
income) 41 -3 6 -18 0 16 1 -1 2 7 50 1
SWT/SSC 8 -8 19 -8 – – – – – – 27 -16
Pension costs related to DBPs (expense+/income-) 37 -28 119 -55 -28 -20 2 3 2 1 132 -99

===== SIDA 258 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 257
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.3 Shar e-based payment plans
Accounting policies
Equity-settled plans
An equity-settled share-based payment transaction 
occurs when Nordea receives goods or services and 
uses its own equity instruments as consideration. 
Such transactions are recognised as a staff expense 
and a corresponding increase in equity. The expense 
is measured at the fair value of the goods or services 
received unless that fair value cannot be estimated 
reliably. In such cases, the expense is measured by 
reference to the fair value of the equity instruments 
awarded, which is the method used by Nordea.
When Nordea issues such instruments, the award 
date fair value of these rights is expensed on a 
straight-line basis over the vesting period. The fair 
value per right is estimated at award date and not 
subsequently updated. The vesting period is the 
period over which the employees have to remain in 
service at Nordea in order for their rights to vest.
 For rights with non-market performance conditions, 
the amount expensed is the award date fair value per 
right multiplied by the best estimate of rights that will 
eventually vest, which is reassessed at each reporting 
date. For rights with market performance conditions, 
the total fair value is estimated based on the fair value 
of each right times the maximum number of rights at 
award date. Market conditions are taken into account 
when estimating the fair value of the equity instru-
ments awarded. Therefore, if all other vesting condi-
tions (e.g. service conditions) are met, Nordea recog-
nises the expense for awards of equity instruments 
with market conditions over the vesting period irre-
spective of whether that market condition is satisfied.
Social security costs are also allocated over the 
vesting period. The provision for social security costs 
is reassessed on each reporting date to ensure that 
the provision is based on the rights’ fair value at the 
reporting date.
Cash-settled plans
A cash-settled share-based payment transaction 
occurs when Nordea acquires goods or services by 
incurring a liability to transfer cash or other assets to 
the supplier of those goods or services for amounts 
that are based on the price of equity instruments of 
Nordea
. For cash-settled share-based payment 
transactions, the goods or services acquired and the 
liability incurred are measured at the fair value of the 
liability. The liability is remeasured at fair value at 
the end of each reporting period, with any changes 
in fair value recognised in the line item “Net result 
from items at fair value” in the income statement.
Nordea’s share-based remuneration plans
Nordea has several variable pay plans for selected Nordea 
employees (participants). The terms of the plans vary 
depending on the target group. Disclosures related to the 
share-based plans can be found below. All remuneration 
plans are also described in the section “Remuneration” in 
the Board of Directors’ report.
Until the end of the performance/financial year 2018, 
Nordea’s share-based variable remuneration plans were 
partly in the form of equity-linked total shareholders’ return 
indexation (excluding dividends) and partly in the form of 
cash. The plans were consequently generally settled in cash 
and the portion indexed with Nordea’s total shareholders’ 
return was accounted for as a cash-settled share-based 
payment plan. The total shareholders’ return indexation 
resulted in a loss of EUR 0.8m in 2025 related to the 
remaining deferred payments stemming from these plans. 
Starting from the 2019 performance year, share-based 
variable pay plans are partly in the form of cash not linked 
to the Nordea share and partly in the form of Nordea 
shares, which makes the portion paid in Nordea shares 
equity-settled share-based plans. Total shareholders’ return 
indexation may be used for share-based variable pay plans, 
subject to operational, administrative or tax issues as well 
as regulations that apply to certain legal entities.
The table below covers all plans with share-based plan 
expenses recognised in 2025 as well as the comparative 
figures for 2024. Figures for 2025 are based on the 
expected outcome and all figures are excluding social 
security expenses. The expense for 2025 is based on an 
assumption about the number of shares that will be 
awarded and deferred for delivery in later years. 
Share-based payment plans
Plan year
Equity-settled  
or cash-settled Delivery period Expense 2025 Expense 2024
Liability 
 31 Dec 2025
Liability 
 31 Dec 2024
Outstanding 
rights 
2025
- LTIP 2025–2027 Equity-settled 2028–2033 2 – – – Yes1
- NIP and bonus Equity-settled 2026–2031 12 – – – Yes2
- Buy-outs etc. Equity-settled 2025–2029 – – – – Yes
2024
- LTIP 2024–2026 Equity-settled 2027–2032 2 2 – – Yes3
- NIP and bonus Equity-settled 2025–2030 5 11 – – Yes
- Buy-outs etc. Equity-settled 2024–2028 0 0 – – Yes
2023
- LTIP 2023–2025 Equity-settled 2026–2031 3 3 – – Yes4
- NIP and bonus Equity-settled 2024–2029 -2 4 – – Yes
- Buy-outs etc. Equity-settled 2023–2027 0 0 – – Yes
Previous years Cash-settled 2022–2027 1 0 2 3 No
Equity-settled 2022–2030 -7 -5 – – Yes
Total 16 15 2 3
1) Righ ts will be awarded following the end of the three-year performance period (2025–2027) over the delivery period (2028–2033).
2) Righ ts will be awarded in 2026 based on the performance in 2025.
3) Righ ts will be awarded following the end of the three-year performance period (2024–2026) over the delivery period (2027–2032).
4) Righ ts will be awarded following the end of the three-year performance period (2023–2025) over the delivery period (2026–2031).
Nordea’s Long Term Incentive Plans
Nordea operates Long Term Incentive Plans (LTIP) for the 
Chief Executive Officer (CEO), members of the Group 
Leadership Team (GLT) in the first line of defence and 
approximately 60 additional senior leaders each year. The 
LTIP has been in place in Nordea since 2020. On 29 
January 2025 the Board decided to launch an LTIP (LTIP 
2025–2027) to the same target group as in 2024.
The LTIPs cover a performance period of three years, 
respectively, from when they were launched, and are fully 
equity-settled. The LTIPs deliver conditional shares to the 
participants, i.e. a promise for the participant to receive 
shares if certain performance criteria are met. 
The maximum number of shares allocated to the partic-
ipants is decided when the LTIPs are launched and the 
final number of shares to be awarded to each participant 
will be determined after the end of the three-year perfor-
mance period. No shares are awarded at the time when 
the LTIPs are launched and the conditional shares allo-
cated to the participants.
After the end of the performance period and once the 
Board has decided on the share award from the LTIP, 
deferral is applied to part of the share award for delivery 
annually in equal instalments over the following five-year 
period. Shares delivered to the participants are subject to 
a 12-month retention period during which the participants 
cannot sell them or perform any other transactions.
The LTIPs are expensed in line with IFRS2 on a straight-
line basis over the vesting period, as outlined on the fol-
lowing pages covering each of the LTIPs.

===== SIDA 259 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 258
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.3 Share-based payment plans, cont.
LTIP LTIP 2021–2023 LTIP 2022–2024 LTIP 2023–2025 LTIP 2024–2026 LTIP 2025–2027
Launch decision  
by the Board
31 March 2021 31 March 2022 1 February 2023 2 February 2024 29 January 2025
Performance 
period
1 January 2021–31 
December 2023
1 January 2022–31 
December 2024
1 January 2023–31 
December 2025
1 January 2024–31 
December 2026
1 January 2025–31 
December 2027
Target group CEO and members of the 
GLT in first line of defence 
and up to 50 additional 
senior leaders
CEO and members of the 
GLT in first line of defence 
and up to 50 additional 
senior leaders
CEO and members of the 
GLT in first line of defence 
and approximately 50 
senior leaders
CEO and members of the 
GLT in first line of defence 
and approximately 50 senior 
leaders
CEO and members of the 
GLT in first line of defence 
and approximately 60 senior 
leaders
Maximum num ber 
of shares expected 
to be allocated  
at origination
1,397,500 1,535,000 1,769,622 1,748,731 1,847,120
Award date First quarter of 2024 First quarter of 2025 First quarter of 2026 First quarter of 2027 First quarter of 2028
Performance 
criteria
Equally weighted:
Absolute total shareholder 
return (aTSR)
Relative total shareholder 
return (rTSR)
Cumulative earnings per 
share (EPS)
Equally weighted:
Absolute total shareholder 
return (aTSR)
Relative total shareholder 
return (rTSR)
Cumulative earnings per 
share (EPS)
Absolute total shareholder 
return (aTSR) - 20%
Relative total shareholder 
return (rTSR) - 20%
Cumulative earnings per 
share (EPS) - 40%
ESG scorecard - 20%
Absolute total shareholder 
return (aTSR) - 20%
Relative total shareholder 
return (rTSR) - 20%
Cumulative earnings per 
share (EPS) - 40%
ESG scorecard - 20% 
Absolute total shareholder 
return (aTSR) - 20%
Relative total shareholder 
return (rTSR) - 20%
Cumulative earnings per 
share (EPS) - 40%
ESG scorecard - 20%
Service  
condition
Employment is not 
terminated before the 
confirmation of the award
Employment is not 
terminated before the 
confirmation of the award
Employment is not 
terminated before the 
confirmation of the award
Employment is not 
terminated before the 
confirmation of the award
Employment is not 
terminated before the 
confirmation of the award
Performance 
condition aTSR
Absolute growth in the 
Nordea share price (with 
dividends reinvested)
Maximum allotment for 
aTSR above EUR 13.10. No 
allotment for aTSR below 
EUR 7.60
Absolute growth in the 
Nordea share price (with 
dividends reinvested)
Maximum allotment for 
aTSR above EUR 14.97. No 
allotment for aTSR below 
EUR 9.84
Absolute growth in the 
Nordea share price (with 
dividends reinvested)
Maximum allotment for 
aTSR above EUR 15.62. No 
allotment for aTSR below 
EUR 10.27
Absolute growth in the 
Nordea share price (with 
dividends reinvested)
Maximum allotment for 
aTSR above EUR 16.91. No 
allotment for aTSR below 
EUR 11.12
Absolute growth in the 
Nordea share price (with 
dividends reinvested)
Maximum allotment for 
aTSR above EUR 16.60. No 
allotment for aTSR below 
EUR 10.91
Performance 
condition rTSR
Growth in the Nordea 
share price (with dividends 
reinvested) compared with 
a group of nine peers
Maximum allotment for 
rTSR if Nordea is first 
among peers. No allotment 
for rTSR if Nordea is sixth 
or lower among peers
Growth in the Nordea 
share price (with dividends 
reinvested) compared with 
a group of five peers
Maximum allotment for 
rTSR if Nordea is first 
among peers. No allotment 
for rTSR if Nordea is fifth 
or lower among peers
Growth in the Nordea 
share price (with dividends 
reinvested) compared with 
a group of five peers
Maximum allotment for 
rTSR if Nordea is first 
among peers. No allotment 
for rTSR if Nordea is fifth 
or lower among peers
Growth in the Nordea share 
price (with dividends 
reinvested) compared with a 
group of five peers
Maximum allotment for 
rTSR if Nordea is first 
among peers. No allotment 
for rTSR if Nordea is fifth or 
lower among peers
Nordea’s total shareholder 
return relative to the STOXX 
Europe 600 banks index 
(gross return) in the period 
2025–2027. Maximum 
allotment for rTSR if Nordea 
out-performs index by 20%. 
No allotment for rTSR if 
Nordea’s rTSR is below 
index
Performance 
condition EPS
Total earnings per share 
for the period 2021–2023
Maximum allotment for 
EPS above EUR 2.56. No 
allotment for EPS below 
EUR 2.00
Total earnings per share 
for the period 2022–2024
Maximum allotment for 
EPS above EUR 3.20. No 
allotment for EPS below 
EUR 2.40
Total earnings per share 
for the period 2023–2025
Maximum allotment for 
EPS above EUR 3.95. No 
allotment for EPS below 
EUR 3.11
Total earnings per share for 
the period 2024–2026
Maximum allotment for EPS 
above EUR 4.61. No 
allotment for EPS below 
EUR 3.63
Total earnings per share for 
the period 2025–2027
Maximum allotment for EPS 
above EUR 4.65. No 
allotment for EPS below 
EUR 3.65
LTIP LTIP 2021–2023 LTIP 2022–2024 LTIP 2023–2025 LTIP 2024–2026 LTIP 2025–2027
Performance 
condition ESG
–  – 7 equally weighted KPIs 
related to ESG targets. 
Maximum allotment if all 7 
targets are reached. No 
allotment if no targets are 
reached 
6 equally weighted KPIs 
related to ESG targets. 
Maximum allotment if all 6 
targets are reached. No 
allotment if no targets are 
reached
6 equally weighted KPIs 
related to ESG targets. 
Maximum allotment if all 6 
targets are reached. No 
allotment if no targets are 
reached
Risk-adjustment 
underpin rTSR
No payout occurs if Nordea 
average ROE (as reported) 
2021–2023 is below 3% or 
absolute TSR 2021–2023 is 
not at least 0%
No payout occurs if Nordea 
average ROE (as reported) 
2022–2024 is below 3% or 
absolute TSR 2022–2024 is 
not at least 0%
No payout occurs if Nordea 
average ROE (as reported) 
2023–2025 is below 3% or 
absolute TSR 2023–2025 is 
not at least 0%
No payout occurs if Nordea 
average ROE (as reported) 
2024–2026 is below 3% or 
absolute TSR 2024–2026 is 
not at least 0%
No payout occurs if Nordea 
average ROE (as reported) 
2025–2027 is below 3% or 
absolute TSR 2025–2027 is 
not at least 0%
Cap Total allocation cannot 
exceed 200% of the 
participant’s salary for LTIP 
and STIP combined
Total allocation cannot 
exceed 200% of the 
participant’s salary for LTIP 
and STIP combined
Total allocation cannot 
exceed 200% of the 
participant’s salary for LTIP 
and STIP combined
Total allocation cannot 
exceed 200% of the 
participant’s salary for LTIP 
and STIP combined
Total allocation cannot 
exceed 200% of the 
participant’s salary for LTIP 
and STIP combined
Delivery 
mechanism
40% of the potential share 
award is delivered to the 
participant in the second 
quarter of 2024. The 
remaining 60% will be 
deferred and delivered 
annually in five equal 
instalments during the 
second quarter of 2025 to 
the second quarter of 2029
40% of the potential share 
award is delivered to the 
participant in the second 
quarter of 2025. The 
remaining 60% will be 
deferred and delivered 
annually in five equal 
instalments during the 
second quarter of 2026 to 
the second quarter of 2030
40% of the potential share 
award is delivered to the 
participant in the second 
quarter of 2026. The 
remaining 60% will be 
deferred and delivered 
annually in five equal 
instalments during the 
second quarter of 2027 to 
the second quarter of 2031
40% of the potential share 
award is delivered to the 
participant in the second 
quarter of 2027. The 
remaining 60% will be 
deferred and delivered 
annually in five equal 
instalments during the 
second quarter of 2028 to 
the second quarter of 2032
40% of the potential share 
award is delivered to the 
participant in the second 
quarter of 2028. The 
remaining 60% will be 
deferred and delivered 
annually in five equal 
instalments during the 
second quarter of 2029 to 
the second quarter of 2033
Leaver rules Unvested shares will not 
be delivered if the 
employment is terminated 
before the award has been 
granted, however, subject 
to local regulations and 
leaver provisions, unless 
the criteria for a “good 
leaver” are fulfilled
Unvested shares will not 
be delivered if the 
employment is terminated 
before the award has been 
granted, however, subject 
to local regulations and 
leaver provisions, unless 
the criteria for a “good 
leaver” are fulfilled
Unvested shares will not 
be delivered if the 
employment is terminated 
before the award has been 
granted, however, subject 
to local regulations and 
leaver provisions, unless 
the criteria for a “good 
leaver” are fulfilled
Unvested shares will not be 
delivered if the employment 
is terminated before the 
award has been granted, 
however, subject to local 
regulations and leaver 
provisions, unless the 
criteria for a “good leaver” 
are fulfilled
Unvested shares will not be 
delivered if the employment 
is terminated before the 
award has been granted, 
however, subject to local 
regulations and leaver 
provisions, unless the 
criteria for a “good leaver” 
are fulfilled
Ex-ante  
adjustment 
mechanism
If the financial 
circumstances of Nordea 
deteriorate or if the 
participant breaches 
internal policies, the 
awards to be given can be 
reduced or cancelled
If the financial 
circumstances of Nordea 
deteriorate or if the 
participant breaches 
internal policies, the 
awards to be given can be 
reduced or cancelled
If the financial 
circumstances of Nordea 
deteriorate or if the 
participant breaches 
internal policies, the 
awards to be given can be 
reduced or cancelled
If the financial 
circumstances of Nordea 
deteriorate or if the 
participant breaches internal 
policies, the awards to be 
given can be reduced or 
cancelled
If the financial 
circumstances of Nordea 
deteriorate or if the 
participant breaches internal 
policies, the awards to be 
given can be reduced or 
cancelled
Ex-post  
adjustment 
mechanism
Clawback can be applied 
in similar situations to 
ex-ante adjustments
Clawback can be applied 
in similar situations to 
ex-ante adjustments
Clawback can be applied 
in similar situations to 
ex-ante adjustments
Clawback can be applied in 
similar situations to ex-ante 
adjustments
Clawback can be applied in 
similar situations to ex-ante 
adjustments

===== SIDA 260 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 259
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.3 Share-based payment plans, cont.
General conditions for the LTIPs
The ex-ante and ex-post adjustment conditions stated in 
the overview above are assessed to not affect the 
valuation of the issued rights or the date when the rights 
are awarded as the likelihood is low and all participants 
are aware of these conditions from the start.
General conditions
LTIP  
2021–2023
LTIP  
2022–2024
LTIP  
2023–2025
LTIP  
2024–2026
LTIP  
2025–2027
Ordinary share per right 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Allocation date 31 Mar 2021 31 Mar 2022 1 Feb 2023 2 Feb 2024 29 Jan 2025
Vesting period 3 years 3 years 3 years 3 years 3 years
Contractual life 8 years 8 years 8 years 8 years 8 years
First day of access for the first portion Q2 2025 Q1 2026 Q1 2027 Q1 2028 Q1 2029
General conditions for calculating 
value at allocation date
The fair value of the rights is calculated using a Monte 
Carlo simulation (rTSR and aTSR) and the Black & Scholes 
formula (EPS) based on the parameters presented below. 
The tables have been updated to reflect the LTIP structure 
and the actual outstanding number of conditional shares 
or shares that are awarded after the end of the perfor-
mance period.
General conditions
LTIP  
2021–2023
LTIP  
2022–2024
LTIP  
2023–2025
LTIP  
2024–2026
LTIP  
2025–2027
Weighted average share price at 
allocation date, EUR 8.41 9.38 10.62 11.33 11.58
Exercise price, EUR – – – – –
Expected volatility 31.3%1 33.3%1 33.3%1 27.1%1 21.4%1
Award life See above See above See above See above See above
Expected dividends 6.6% 4.2% 6.3% 8.1% 7.9%
Risk-free interest rate 0.0% 0.28% 2.49% 2.80% 2.80%
1)  The expected volatility is based on Nordea’s historical daily share price volatility over a period of three years.
LTIP 2021–2023 – Fair value at allocation date and conditional rights outstanding 
Allotment date
Fair value at allocation date Q2 2024 Q2 2025 Q2 2026 Q2 2027 Q2 2028 Q2 2029
Max number of shares at origination 559,000 167,700 167,700 167,700 167,700 167,700
Number of shares awarded 472,323 139,099 139,099 139,099 139,099 139,103
Award life years 3 4 5 6 7 8
aTSR 2.90 2.77 2.64 2.52 2.41 2.30
rTSR 2.38 2.27 2.16 2.06 1.97 1.88
EPS 6.45 6.16 5.89 5.62 5.37 5.13
aTSR rTSR EPS
Conditional rights 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Outstanding at beginning of year 274,226 431,667 274,226 431,667 274,226 431,667 
Allotted -46,366 -157,441 -46,366 -157,441 -46,367 -157,441 
Expired – – – – – –
Forfeited -42,393 – -42,393 – -42,393 –
Outstanding at end of year 185,467 274,226 185,467 274,226 185,466 274,226 
LTIP 2022–2024 – Fair value at allocation date and conditional rights outstanding 
Allotment date
Fair value at allocation date Q2 2025 Q2 2026 Q2 2027 Q2 2028 Q2 2029 Q2 2030
Max number of shares at origination 614,000 184,200 184,200 184,200 184,200 184,200
Number of shares awarded 307,626 92,287 92,287 92,287 92,287 92,291
Award life years 3 4 5 6 7 8
aTSR 3.11 2.98 2.86 2.74 2.62 2.52
rTSR 2.58 2.47 2.37 2.27 2.17 2.08
EPS 7.23 6.93 6.65 6.38 6.12 5.87
aTSR rTSR EPS
Conditional rights 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Outstanding at beginning of year 470,556 470,556 470,556 470,556 470,556 470,556 
Allotted -102,542 – -102,542 – -102,542 –
Expired -214,201 – -214,201 – -214,201 –
Forfeited – – – – – –
Outstanding at end of year 153,813 470,556 153,813 470,556 153,813 470,556

===== SIDA 261 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 260
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.3 Share-based payment plans, cont.
LTIP 2023–2025 – Fair value at allocation date and conditional rights outstanding 
Allotment date
Fair value at allocation date Q2 2026 Q2 2027 Q2 2028 Q2 2029 Q2 2030 Q2 2031
Max number of shares at origination 707,849 212,354 212,354 212,354 212,354 212,357
Max number of shares outstanding 568,165 170,449 170,449 170,449 170,449 170,453
Award life years 3 4 5 6 7 8
aTSR 4.25 3.98 3.73 3.49 3.27 3.07
rTSR 3.36 3.15 2.95 2.76 2.59 2.43
EPS 7.73 7.26 6.81 6.40 6.01 5.64
ESG 7.73 7.26 6.81 6.40 6.01 5.64
aTSR rTSR EPS ESG
Conditional rights 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Outstanding at beginning of year 335,924 336,924 335,924 336,924 671,849 673,849 335,924 336,924
Expired -46,674 – -46,674 – -93,350 – -46,674 –
Forfeited -5,167 -1,000 -5,167 -1,000 -10,334 -2,000 -5,167 -1,000
Outstanding at end of year 284,083 335,924 284,083 335,924 568,165 671,849 284,083 335,924 
LTIP 2024–2026 – Fair value at allocation date and conditional rights outstanding 
Allotment date
Fair value at allocation date Q2 2027 Q2 2028 Q2 2029 Q2 2030 Q2 2031 Q2 2032
Max number of shares at origination 699,491 209,848 209,848 209,848 209,848 209,848
Max numbers of shares outstanding 573,479 172,043 172,043 172,043 172,043 172,048
Award life years 3 4 5 6 7 8
aTSR 3.92 3.60 3.31 3.04 2.80 2.57
rTSR 3.87 3.56 3.27 3.01 2.76 2.54
EPS 3.99 3.68 3.39 3.13 2.89 2.66
ESG 3.99 3.68 3.39 3.13 2.89 2.66
aTSR rTSR EPS ESG
Conditional rights 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024
Outstanding at beginning of year 336,484 – 336,484 – 672,969 – 336,484 –
Allocated – 349,746 – 349,746 – 699,493 – 349,746 
Expired – – – – – – – –
Forfeited -49,744 -13,262 -49,744 -13,262 -99,490 -26,524 -49,744 -13,262 
Outstanding at end of year 286,740 336,484 286,740 336,484 573,479 672,969 286,740 336,484

===== SIDA 262 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 261
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.3 Share-based payment plans, cont.
LTIP 2025–2027 – Fair value at allocation date and conditional rights outstanding 
Allotment date
Fair value at allocation date Q2 2028 Q2 2029 Q2 2030 Q2 2031 Q2 2032 Q2 2033
Max number of shares at origination 738,848 221,654 221,654 221,654 221,654 221,654
Max number of shares outstanding 656,959 197,087 197,087 197,087 197,087 197,090
Award life years 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00
aTSR 4.12 3.79 3.49 3.21 2.96 2.73
rTSR 3.40 3.13 2.89 2.66 2.45 2.25
EPS 8.39 7.75 7.16 6.62 6.11 5.65
ESG 8.39 7.75 7.16 6.62 6.11 5.65
Conditional rights aTSR 2025 rTSR 2025 EPS 2025 ESG 2025
Allocated 348,768 348,768 697,536 348,768 
Forfeited -20,289 -20,289 -40,576 -20,289 
Outstanding at end of year 328,479 328,479 656,960 328,479 
Long Term Incentive Plan 2020–2022
The LTIP 2020–2022 was fully expensed in 2024. 60% of 
the awarded shares were deferred in 2023 with ex-post 
risk adjustment clauses as per regulatory requirements, 
with annual vesting pro rata over the five-year period. The 
last portion vests in 2028. The conditional shares that did 
not vest expired. The total number of outstanding shares 
from the LTIP 2020–2022 end of year is 194,929 
(2024: 259,894). 
Expired Long Term Incentive Plans – 2012
The LTIP 2012 was fully expensed in May 2015. All shares in 
the LTIP 2012 are fully vested and consequently not condi-
tional. 60% of the vested shares were deferred with forfei-
ture clauses in line with regulatory requirements and allotted 
over a five-year period, for the LTIP 2012 starting in May 2015. 
The share balance outstanding is 3,015 matching 
shares, 9,045 performance shares I and 3,015 performance 
shares II at the end of the year.
Share-based variable remuneration 
plans other than LTIP plans
This section covers the variable share-based plans where 
TSR indexation (cash-settled plan up until 2018) and 
shares (equity-settled plans as from 2019) are used for 
deferral/retention. For the 2025 performance year, the 
plans are classified as the Nordea Incentive Plan (NIP) 
and bonus schemes (bonus).
The plans are annual plans with a service condition for 
the respective years and are fully expensed in the year 
when they are earned (one-year vesting period). The indi-
vidual allocations are awarded at the beginning of the 
subsequent year.
The aim of the NIP is to strengthen Nordea’s capability 
to recruit, motivate and retain the GLT, senior leaders as 
well as selected people leaders and specialists, and to 
reward strong performance. The NIP 2025 rewards perfor-
mance meeting agreed predetermined targets on Group, 
business unit and individual level. The effect on the long-
term results is to be considered when determining the tar-
gets. NIP awards will not exceed the fixed salary and are 
subject to deferral for material risk takers. It includes 
ex-ante and ex-post risk adjustment clauses and retention 
applies in line with relevant remuneration regulations.
In 2025 bonus was offered only to selected groups of 
employees in specific business areas or units as approved 
by the Board, e.g. in Large Corporates & Institutions,
Nordea Asset Management, Nordea Funds and within 
Treasury in Group Finance. The aim is to ensure strong 
performance and maintain cost flexibility for Nordea. 
Individual awards are determined based on detailed per-
formance assessments covering a range of financial and 
non-financial goals. 2025 bonus awards will be paid in 
cash. For material risk takers, awards are partly delivered 
in shares with subsequent retention. Parts of the bonus 
awards for material risk takers are subject to a four- to 
five-year pro rata deferral period with forfeiture conditions 
applying during the deferral period.
Deferrals from the NIP, Executive Incentive Programme 
(EIP), VSP and bonus plans not yet delivered to the partic-
ipants as of 31 December 2025 are summarised in the fol-
lowing tables, including deferrals from the Leaders of 
Transformation Variable plan (offered in 2018–2019) and 
deferrals stemming from compensation for contracts in 
previous employments (buy-outs). Such agreements can 
be offered only in exceptional cases, in the context of hir-
ing new staff, limited to the first year of employment.

===== SIDA 263 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 262
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.3 Share-based payment plans, cont.
Share-linked deferrals (cash-settled)
The table below shows the remaining liabilities for the 
cash-settled share-based plans, mainly used 2014–2018.
EURm 2025 2024
Opening balance 3 6
Deferred/earned during the year – 0
TSR indexation during the year 1 0
Payments during the year -2 -3
Translation differences – 0
Closing balance 2 3
The closing balances are expected to be settled  
the following years:
EURm 2025 2024
2025 – 2
2026 1 1
2027 1 0
2028 – 0
2029 – 0
2030 – 0
Total 2 3
2019–2024 share-linked deferrals (equity-settled)
Starting from the 2019 performance year, share-based var-
iable pay plans are partly in the form of cash and partly in 
the form of Nordea shares, which makes the portion paid 
in Nordea shares an equity-settled share-based plan. 
In the Nordea Incentive Plan (NIP) 2024, EUR 32m was 
expensed for variable remuneration to be paid in cash and 
EUR 11m to be paid in shares. In 2025 these were adjusted 
to EUR 9m for the portion delivered in shares and an addi-
tional expense of EUR 6m in cash, while the bonus plans 
added an additional equity-settled expense of EUR 7m. In 
2025 2,368,139 shares in Nordea were allotted to the par-
ticipants in these plans, corresponding to EUR 27m based 
on the share price at the award date. In total 2,628,957 
shares were awarded to the participants. These shares 
had a fair value of EUR 30m based on the share price at 
the award date.
The awarding of shares in the plans for 2025 is decided 
during spring 2026 and thus not included in the below 
tables but in full recognised as an expense in the income 
statement in 2025.
Number of shares 2025 2024
Outstanding at beginning of year 3,779,376 3,090,368
Awarded1 2,628,957 3,246,800
Forfeited – –
Allotted2 -2,368,139 -2,557,792
Outstanding at end of year 4,040,194 3,779,376
- of which currently exercisable – –
1)  Awarded rights in 2025 are the number of shares from 2024 variable pay plans 
awarded in 2025. Allotment of rights has been deferred following retention 
requirements by the Nordic FSAs. There is no exercise price for the deferred rights.
2)  Allotted rights are subject to a one-year retention period after allotment to par-
ticipants. Includes shares that have been allotted to participants but withheld to 
cover income taxes or social charges.
The outstanding rights are expected to be allotted  
the following years:
2025 2024
2025 – 1,217,987
2026 1,434,659 1,096,049
2027 1,080,339 747,347
2028 849,278 516,986
2029 527,058 201,007
2030 148,860 –
Total 4,040,194 3,779,376
G8.4  Key management personnel 
remuneration
Accounting policies 
For information about the accounting policies see 
Note G8.1 “Fixed and variable salaries”, Note G8.2 
“Pensions” and Note G8.3 “Share-based payment 
plans”. For definition of key management personnel 
see Note G10.4 “Related party transactions”. 
Board remuneration
The 2025 Annual General Meeting (AGM) decided on 
annual remuneration for the Board of Directors (Board), 
for the Chair amounting to EUR 400,000, for the Vice Chair 
EUR 180,000 and for other members EUR 112,000. 
Annual remuneration for Board committee work on the 
Board Remuneration and People Committee amounts to 
EUR 54,500 for the committee chair and EUR 31,000 for 
the other members. For all other committee chairs the 
annual remuneration paid for Board committee work 
amounts to EUR 71,500 and for other members EUR 
35,500. 
In addition, a meeting fee of EUR 1,000 will be paid for 
each Board meeting and a meeting fee of EUR 500 will be 
paid for each Board committee meeting and any meeting 
in subcommittees established by the Board.
No remuneration is paid to members who are employed 
by the Nordea Group. 
In addition, Nordea covers or reimburses the members 
of the Board all costs and expenses related to or arising 
from the Board membership. Any benefits are included at 
taxable values. 
There are no commitments for severance pay, pension 
or other remuneration for the members of the Board at 31 
December 2025.
No Board member earns variable remuneration and 
employee representatives are not included in the table 
below.
Remuneration of the Board of Directors
EUR 2025 2024
Chair of the Board:
Sir Stephen Hester 452,875 413,875
Vice Chair of the Board:
Lene Skole 222,000 203,875
Other Board members:
Arja Talma 187,750 172,125
Birger Steen1 – 43,125
John Maltby 227,500 211,250
Jonas Synnergren 155,500 142,375
Kjersti Wiklund 229,500 211,250
Lars Rohde2 170,313 107,625
Per Strömberg 187,250 172,125
Petra von Hoeken 229,500 211,250
Risto Murto 155,500 142,375
Total 2,217,688 2,031,250
1) Resigned as a member of the Board as from the 2024 AGM.
2)  New member of the Board as from the 2024 AGM.

===== SIDA 264 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 263
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.4  Key management personnel remuneration, cont.
Remuneration of the Chief Executive 
Officer, the Deputy Managing Director 
and the Group Leadership Team 
The Board Remuneration and People Committee prepares 
changes in the remuneration package for the Chief 
Executive Officer (CEO), the Deputy Managing Director 
and the other members of the Group Leadership Team 
(GLT), for resolution by the Board. This includes the fixed 
remuneration, the outcome of the 2025 Nordea Incentive 
Plan (NIP), the allocation of conditional shares under the 
Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) and subsequent awarding 
of shares from the LTIP, as well as other changes. 
See Note G8.3 “Share-based payment plans” for further 
details on the Short Term Incentive Plans (STIPs) (NIP/
EIP) and the LTIPs.
The presentation of remuneration used in the 
Remuneration Report for Governing Bodies is different 
from the presentation and accounting policies under IFRS 
applied in the Annual Report, especially related to the 
Long Term Incentive Plan. 
Fixed remuneration 
The fixed salary is paid in local currencies and converted 
into euro based on the average exchange rate each year. 
The fixed salary includes holiday pay and car allowance 
where applicable. 
Benefits primarily include car benefits, tax consultation 
and housing. Benefits are included at taxable values after 
salary deductions (if any).
The pension expense is related to pension premiums 
paid under defined contribution plans and pension rights 
earned during the year under defined benefit plans 
(“Current service cost” as well as “Past service cost and 
settlements” as defined in IAS 19). 
EUR 2,694,876 (EUR 2,550,694) of the total pension 
expense relates to defined contribution plans, correspond-
ing to 100.0% (98.4%).
Remuneration of the Chief Executive Officer, the Deputy Managing Director and the Group Leadership Team
Fixed remuneration Variable remuneration
Fixed salary
Pension expense 
(DCP & DBP) Benefits Total fixed remuneration STIP (NIP) LTIP
Total variable  
remuneration
 
Total remuneration
EUR 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 20251 20242, 2025 2024 2025 2024
Chief Executive Officer:
Frank Vang-Jensen 1,617,868 1,611,650 489,387 460,482 181,309 189,813 2,288,564 2,261,945 914,698 1,002,281 720,746 934,207 1,635,444 1,936,488 3,924,008 4,198,433
Deputy Managing Director:
Jussi Koskinen 607,964 595,109 229,929 223,221 23,576 19,062 861,469 837,392 345,550 396,327 270,636 331,775 616,186 728,102 1,477,655 1,565,494
Group Leadership Team:
11 (10) individuals excluding 
Chief Executive Officer and 
Deputy Managing Director 8,299,728 7,047,978 1,975,560 1,907,841 219,934 201,505 10,495,222 9,157,324 4,429,578 4,467,169 2,082,508 3,324,737 6,512,086 7,791,906 17,007,308 16,949,230
Total3 10,525,560 9,254,737 2,694,876 2,591,544 424,819 410,380 13,645,255 12,256,661 5,689,826 5,865,777 3,073,890 4,590,719 8,763,716 10,456,496 22,408,971 22,713,157
1)  Defined as the expense calculated under IFRS 2 for LTIP 2022–2024, LTIP 2023–2025, LTIP 2024–2026, LTIP 2025–2027.
2)  Defined as the expense calculated under IFRS 2 for LTIP 2020–2022, LTIP 2021–2023, LTIP 2022–2024, LTIP 2023–2025, LTIP 2024–2026.
3)  Committed and expensed remuneration of EUR 1,196,728 payable 2025-2027 to one GLT member leaving Nordea in 2025 is not included in the table above (in 2024 EUR 4,248,759 for two members).
Variable remuneration
The STIP 2025 (NIP) award for the CEO, the Deputy 
Managing Director and the GLT is based on specific goals 
and targets and is capped at maximum 75% of the fixed 
base salary, except for the Chief Risk Officer and the Chief 
Compliance Officer, who have a cap of 100% as these roles 
do not participate in the LTIP.
40% of the NIP 2025 award will be paid out in 2026. The 
remaining 60% will be paid annually on a pro rata basis 
over five years with 12% vesting each year. 50% of the 2025 
NIP award is delivered in Nordea shares (excluding divi-
dends) at each transfer event. The shares are subject to 
retention for 12 months when the deferral period ends. The 
award from the NIP 2025 has been expensed in full in 2025. 
Further, the CEO, the Deputy Managing Director and the 
GLT members participate in the share-based LTIPs as 
decided by the Board and launched in accordance with 
the Remuneration Policy for Governing Bodies adopted by 
an advisory vote at Nordea’s 2020 AGM and 2024 AGM 
and applicable until the 2028 AGM. 
Remuneration of the Chief Executive Officer
Frank Vang-Jensen was appointed CEO on 5 September 
2019. 
The annual fixed base salary (not including holiday pay 
etc.) for the CEO amounts to EUR 1,551,928 as from 1 
January 2025.
The CEO is covered by a defined contribution plan with 
a pension contribution amounting to 8.5% of the fixed 
base salary in addition to the Finnish statutory pension 
scheme. According to the statutory pension rules, the part 
of the NIP 2025 for the GLT outcome paid in cash in 2026 
must be included in pensionable income.
Benefits primarily included car, housing, security and 
travelling-related benefits as well as cross-border tax 
compliance advice, amounting to EUR 181,309.
The NIP 2025 was based on specific targets and capped 
at a maximum of 75% of the fixed base salary. For 2025 
the award from the NIP amounted to EUR 914,698.
For 2025 the IFRS 2 expense amounted to EUR 50,048 
for the LTIP 2022–2024, EUR 282,478 for the LTIP 2023–
2025, EUR 202,886 for the LTIP 2024–2026 and EUR 
185,334 for the LTIP 2025–2027.
The CEO must hold a significant number of the shares 
awarded under the LTIPs until the total value of share-
holdings corresponds to 100% of the CEO’s annual gross 
salary. Such shares must be held until the CEO steps down. 
The total expensed remuneration for 2025 amounted to 
EUR 3,924,008.
Remuneration of the Deputy Managing Director
Jussi Koskinen was appointed Deputy Managing Director 
on 10 September 2019. 
The annual fixed base salary (not including holiday pay 
etc.) for the Deputy Managing Director amounts to EUR 
604,799 as from 1 January 2025.
The Deputy Managing Director is covered by a defined 
contribution plan with a pension contribution amounting 
to 8.5% of the fixed base salary in addition to the Finnish 
statutory pension scheme. According to the statutory pen-
sion rules, the part of the NIP 2025 for the GLT outcome 
paid in cash in 2026 must be included in pensionable 
income.
The benefits for 2025 amounted to EUR 23,576 and pri-
marily included car benefits.

===== SIDA 265 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 264
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.4  Key management personnel remuneration, cont.
The NIP 2025 was based on specific targets and could 
amount to a maximum of 75% of the fixed base salary. For 
2025 the award from the NIP amounted to EUR 345,550. 
For 2025 the IFRS 2 expense amounted to EUR 25,024 
for the LTIP 2022–2024, EUR 108,258 for the LTIP 2023–
2025, EUR 73,794 for the LTIP 2024–2026 and EUR 63,560 
for the LTIP 2025–2027.
The Deputy Managing Director must hold a significant 
number of the shares awarded under the LTIPs until the 
total value of shareholdings corresponds to 100% of the 
Deputy Managing Director’s annual gross salary. Such 
shares must be held until the Deputy Managing Director 
steps down from the Group Leadership Team position. 
The total earned remuneration for 2025 amounted to 
EUR 1,477,655.
Remuneration of the Group Leadership Team
Remuneration for other GLT members is included for the 
period they have been appointed and eligible for the NIP 
2025 and LTIPs. 
On 1 January 2025 a new GLT member was appointed. 
Additionally, two new GLT members were appointed on 1 
February 2025. Two GLT members stepped down in 2024 
and related committed remuneration was expensed and 
disclosed in 2024. On 13 October 2025 one new GLT mem-
ber was appointed and one GLT member stepped down. 
No sign-on or buy-out payments were agreed in 2025.
The NIP 2025 was based on specific targets and capped 
at a maximum of 75% of the fixed base salary for the GLT 
members offered the LTIP 2025–2027 and 100% for other 
members. For 2025 the award from the NIP amounted to 
EUR 4,429,578. 
For 2025 the IFRS 2 expense amounted to EUR 158,485 
for the LTIP 2022–2024, EUR 764,055 for the LTIP 2023–
2025, EUR 505,268 for the LTIP 2024–2026 and EUR 
654,700 for the LTIP 2025–2027. 
The GLT members must hold a significant number of the 
shares awarded under the LTIPs until the total value of 
shareholdings corresponds to 100% of the GLT member’s 
annual gross salary. Such shares must be held until the GLT 
member steps down from the GLT position.
The pension agreements for the 11 GLT members vary 
according to local country practices. Pension agreements 
are defined contribution plans, for one member combined 
with a paid-up defined benefit pension plan. 
As of 31 December 2025 two members had pension 
schemes in accordance with the Swedish collective agree-
ment, BTP1 (defined contribution plan), with complement-
ing defined contribution plans on top of the collective 
agreement. The pension contributions totalled 30% of 
their fixed salaries 
Two members had a defined contribution plan, in 
accordance with local practices in Denmark. The pension 
contribution totalled 30% of the fixed base salary. 
Five members were covered by the Finnish statutory 
pension scheme and in addition had a defined contribution 
plan corresponding to 8.5% of their fixed base salaries.
Two members did not have a pension scheme agree-
ment paid by Nordea. 
Deferred variable remuneration in Nordea shares
Part of the award from the EIP 2020, EIP 2021, NIP 2022, 
NIP 2023, NIP 2024, LTIP 2020–2022, LTIP 2021–2023, LTIP 
2022–2024 and buy-outs for the GLT has been deferred 
and will be paid in the future by delivering Nordea shares. 
Any Nordea shares to be awarded from the NIP 2025 as 
well as the LTIP 2023–2025 conditional share award as of 
31 December 2025 are not included in the table below.
Nordea shares – awarded and deferred
2025 2024
Chief Executive Officer:
Frank Vang-Jensen 234,202 222,057
Deputy Managing Director:
Jussi Koskinen 81,465 79,189
Group Leadership Team:
11 (10) individuals excl. Chief Executive 
Officer and Deputy Managing Director: 780,381 843,394
Total 1,096,048 1,144,640
Former Chief Executive Officer:
Casper von Koskull – 10,242
Former Deputy Chief Executive Officer:
Torsten Hagen Jørgensen – 6,499
Total 1,096,048 1,161,381
Defined benefit pension obligations
The pension plans are funded, meaning that the pension 
plan obligations are backed by plan assets with the fair 
value generally being at a level similar to that of the 
obligations.
The pension obligations (value of defined benefit plan 
liabilities) are calculated in accordance with IAS 19. For 
further details see Note G8.2 “Pensions”.
There was no Defined benefit pension costs related to 
key management personnel in 2025 (EUR 0m).
The pension obligations in the below table reflect the 
valuation under IAS 19 as of 31 December 2025 and 2024, 
respectively. The decrease compared with 2024 is mainly 
due to two GLT members have stepped down, pension 
payments to retired executives during the year, changes in 
the discount rates used in the measurement of the obliga-
tions at the end of 2025. 
There are no defined benefit pension obligations 
towards the CEO and the Deputy Managing Director. 
Defined benefit pension obligations 
EUR 2025 2024
Group Leadership Team:
1 (3) individual(s) in Sweden 18,058 986,796
Former Chairman of the Board, former 
CEOs and Deputy CEOs:
Lars G Nordström 224,898 234,610
Casper von Koskull 364,147 309,118
Total 607,102 1,530,524
Notice period and severance pay
In accordance with the service contract, the CEO has a 
notice period of 12 months and Nordea a notice period of 
12 months. The CEO is subject to payment of severance 
equal to 12 months’ salary, to be reduced by any salary 
received from other employment during these 12 months. 
Further, non-competition clauses apply.
The Deputy Managing Director and 11 GLT members 
have a notice period of 6 months and Nordea a notice 
period of 12 months. Severance pay of up to 12 months’ 
salary is provided and will be reduced by any salary 
received from other employment during the severance pay 
period. Further, non-competition clauses apply. 
In 2025, in relation to one member leaving the GLT, 
remuneration payments during notice and non-compete 
periods in 2025-2027 were committed. The provision rec-
ognised in 2025 amounted to EUR 1.2m (EUR 4.2m) and 
has been excluded from the tables in this note. 
Indemnification
For indemnification of members of the Board and mem-
bers of the GLT, see Note G7.1 “Contingent liabilities”.

===== SIDA 266 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 265
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G8.5  Gender distribution and 
number of employees
Gender distribution
In the parent company’s Board of Directors, 60% (60%) of 
the AGM elected Board members are men and 40% (40%) 
are women. In the Board of Directors of Nordea Group 
companies, 53% (62%) are men and 47% (38%) are 
women. The corresponding numbers for other executives 
are 53% (53%) men and 47% (47%) women. Internal 
boards mainly consist of Nordea´s management, employee 
representatives excluded. 
Average number of employees, full-time equivalents
Total Of which women
2025 2024 2025 2024
Denmark 6,603 6,808 2,788 2,897
Sweden 6,446 6,430 3,236 3,263
Finland 6,331 6,378 3,568 3,637
Poland 5,688 5,599 2,775 2,746
Norway 3,150 2,971 1,479 1,400
Estonia 1,053 1,096 739 770
Luxembourg 126 138 55 60
United States 88 93 43 49
United Kingdom 64 64 21 21
China 26 26 15 14
Germany 11 12 2 3
Portugal 118 101 56 44
Italy 10 9 1 1
Spain 4 4 2 2
Switzerland 8 7 2 1
France 4 2 1 0
Singapore 7 6 4 5
Belgium 3 2 1 1
Chile 2 2 0 0
Austria 0 1 0 0
Total average 29,742 29,749 14,788 14,914
Total number of employees (FTEs), end of period 28,989 30,157

===== SIDA 267 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 266
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G9 Scope of 
consolidation
G9.1 Consolidated entities
Accounting policies
The consolidated financial statements include the 
accounts of the parent company, Nordea Bank Abp 
and those entities that the parent company controls. 
Control exists when Nordea is exposed to variability 
in returns from its investments in another entity and 
has the ability to affect those returns through its 
power over the other entity. Control is generally 
achieved when the parent company owns, directly 
or indirectly through group undertakings, more than 
50% of the voting rights. For entities where voting 
rights do not give control, see the section 
“Structured entities” below.
All group undertakings are consolidated using the 
acquisition method. Under the acquisition method, 
the acquisition is regarded as a transaction whereby 
the parent company indirectly acquires the assets of 
the group undertaking and assumes its liabilities 
and contingent liabilities. The group’s acquisition 
cost is established using a purchase price allocation 
analysis. In such analysis, the cost of the business 
combination is the aggregate of the fair value, at the 
date of exchange, of assets given, liabilities incurred 
or assumed and equity instruments issued by the 
acquirer in exchange for the identifiable net assets 
acquired. Costs directly attributable to the business 
combination are expensed. 
As at the acquisition date Nordea recognises the 
identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities 
assumed at their acquisition date fair values. 
For each business combination Nordea measures 
the non-controlling interests in the acquired busi-
ness either at fair value or at its proportionate share 
of the acquired identifiable net assets.
When the aggregate of the consideration trans-
ferred in a business combination and the amount 
recognised for non-controlling interests exceeds the 
net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and 
contingent liabilities, the excess is reported as good-
will. If the difference is negative, such difference is 
recognised immediately in the income statement.
Equity and net income attributable to non-con-
trolling interests are separately disclosed on the bal-
ance sheet as well as in the income statement and 
the statement of comprehensive income. 
Intra-group transactions and balances between 
the consolidated group undertakings are eliminated.
The group undertakings are included in the con-
solidated accounts as from the date on which con-
trol is transferred to Nordea and are no longer con-
solidated as from the date on which control ceases. 
In the consolidation process the reporting of the 
group undertakings is adjusted to ensure consist-
ency with the IFRS principles applied by Nordea.
Critical judgements and estimation uncertainty 
One decisive variable when assessing if Nordea con-
trols another entity is whether Nordea is exposed to 
variability in returns from the investment. For struc-
tured entities where voting rights are not the domi-
nant factor when determining control, critical judge-
ment has to be exercised when defining when 
Nordea is exposed to significant variability in 
returns. Nordea’s critical judgement is that Nordea is 
normally exposed to variability in returns when 
Nordea receives more than 30% of the return pro-
duced by the structured entity. This is only relevant 
for structured entities if Nordea is also the invest-
ment manager and thus has influence over the 
return produced by the structured entity.
Moreover, judgement relating to control is 
whether Nordea acts as an agent or as a principal. 
For investments relating to unit-linked and other 
contracts where the policyholder/depositor decides 
both the amount and in which assets to invest, 
Nordea is considered to act as an agent, and such 
holdings are thus not included in the control 
assessment.
Judgement also has to be exercised when assess-
ing if a holding of a significant, but less than a 
majority, share of voting rights constitute so-called 
de facto control and to what extent potential voting 
rights need to be considered in the control assess-
ment. Nordea’s assessment is that Nordea does not 
currently control any entities where the share of vot-
ing rights is below 50%.
Parent company including branches, major directly owned subsidiaries and major subsidiaries of the directly 
owned companies
Company Domicile Shareholding, %
Voting power  
of holding, %
Nordea Bank Abp Helsinki N/A N/A
Denmark branch Copenhagen N/A N/A
Estonia branch Tallinn N/A N/A
London branch London N/A N/A
New York branch New York N/A N/A
Norway branch Oslo N/A N/A
Poland branch Łódź N/A N/A
Shanghai branch Shanghai N/A N/A
Sweden branch Stockholm N/A N/A
Nordea Kredit Realkreditaktieselskab Copenhagen 100.0 100.0
Nordea Hypotek AB (publ) Stockholm 100.0 100.0
Nordea Eiendomskreditt AS Oslo 100.0 100.0
Nordea Mortgage Bank Plc Helsinki 100.0 100.0
Nordea Finance Finland Ltd Helsinki 100.0 100.0
Nordea Finans Danmark A/S Høje Taastrup 100.0 100.0
Nordea Finans Sverige AB (publ) Stockholm 100.0 100.0
Nordea Finans Norge AS Oslo 100.0 100.0
Nordea Funds Ltd Helsinki 100.0 100.0
Nordea Asset Management Holding AB Stockholm 100.0 100.0
Nordea Investment Funds S.A. Luxembourg 100.0 100.0
Nordea Investment Management AB Stockholm 100.0 100.0
Nordea Life Holding AB Stockholm 100.0 100.0
Nordea Pension, Livsforsikringsselskab A/S Copenhagen 100.0 100.0
Nordea Life Assurance Finland Ltd Helsinki 100.0 100.0
Nordea Liv Forsikring AS Bergen 100.0 100.0
Nordea Livförsäkring Sverige AB (publ) Stockholm 100.0 100.0

===== SIDA 268 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 267
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G9.1 Consolidated entities, cont.
There are different types of restrictions on how Nordea 
can access and transfer assets within the Group.
Dividends are used to transfer excess capital from the 
parent’s subsidiaries to the parent company, Nordea Bank 
Abp. The specific dividend amount is determined for each 
legal entity based on distributable funds, capital adequacy 
regulations and ratios, capital and business planning, local 
tax considerations and Group-internal policies. Regulatory 
restrictions, both general and local, on dividends as well 
as projected changes in the entities’ capital requirements 
and risk exposure amounts are incorporated into the anal-
ysis regarding the dividend decisions.
The CRR requires credit institutions to hold liquid 
assets, the sum of the values of which covers the liquidity 
outflows less the liquidity inflows under stressed condi-
tions so as to ensure that institutions maintain levels of 
liquidity buffers which are adequate. There are also local 
liquidity requirements that restrict the movement of funds 
between legal entities.
The Group has pledged assets to collateralise its obliga-
tions under repurchase agreements, securities financing 
transactions, collateralised loan obligations and for mar-
gining purposes of OTC derivative liabilities. Further infor-
mation is disclosed in Note G7.3 “Assets pledged”.
For banks under resolution, which was not applicable to 
Nordea at the balance sheet date, there are potential 
restrictions as the regulators have far-reaching resolution 
tools they can impose if deemed necessary.
Statutory, contractual or regulatory requirements as 
well as protective rights of non-controlling interests might 
restrict the ability of the Group to access and transfer 
assets freely to or from other entities within the Group and 
to settle liabilities of the Group. Since the Group did not 
have any material non-controlling interests at the balance 
sheet date, any protective rights associated with these did 
not give rise to significant restrictions.
G9.2  Currency translation of 
foreign entities/branches
Accounting policies
The consolidated financial statements are presented 
in euro (EUR). When translating the financial state-
ments of foreign entities and branches into EUR 
from their functional currency, the assets and liabili-
ties of foreign entities and branches have been 
translated at the closing rates, while items in the 
income statement and the statement of comprehen-
sive income are translated at the average exchange 
rate for the year. The average exchange rate is calcu-
lated based on daily exchange rates divided by the 
number of business days in the period. Translation 
differences are recognised in other comprehensive 
income and are accumulated in the translation 
reserve in equity.
Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising from 
the acquisition of foreign operations are treated as 
items in the same functional currency as the 
cash-generating unit to which they belong and are 
also translated at the closing rate. 
Any remaining equity in foreign branches is con-
verted at the closing rates with translation differ-
ences recognised in other comprehensive income.
On the disposal of a foreign operation, the cumu-
lative amount for the exchange difference relating to 
that foreign operation, recognised in other compre-
hensive income and accumulated in the translation 
reserve in equity, is reclassified from equity to profit 
or loss when the gain or loss on disposal is 
recognised.
G9.3  Investments in associated 
undertakings and joint ventures
Accounting policies 
Associated undertakings are undertakings where 
the share of voting rights is between 20% and 50% 
and/or where Nordea has significant influence. 
Significant influence is the power to participate in 
the financial and operating policy decisions of the 
investee but is not control or joint control over those 
policies.
Joint ventures are entities where Nordea has joint 
control. Joint control is the contractually agreed 
sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists 
only when decisions about the relevant activities 
require the unanimous consent of the parties shar-
ing control.
Associated companies and joint ventures are 
included in the consolidated financial statements 
using the equity method. At initial recognition the 
investment is recognised at acquisition cost. Fair 
value is allocated to the identifiable assets, liabilities 
and contingent liabilities of associated undertakings 
and joint ventures. Any difference between Nordea’s 
share of the fair value of the acquired identifiable 
net assets and the purchase price is goodwill or neg-
ative goodwill. Goodwill is included in the carrying 
amount of the associated undertakings and joint 
ventures. 
Profit from companies accounted for under the 
equity method is defined as the post-acquisition 
change in Nordea’s share of net assets in associated 
undertakings and joint ventures. Nordea’s share of 
items accounted for in other comprehensive income 
in associated undertakings and joint ventures is 
accounted for in other comprehensive income in 
Nordea. Profit from companies accounted for under 
the equity method is reported post taxes in the 
income statement. Consequently, the tax expense 
related to this profit is excluded from the income tax 
expense for Nordea. Dividends received are 
accounted for as a reduction in the carrying amount. 
If observable indicators (loss events) indicate that 
an associated undertaking or a joint venture is 
impaired, an impairment test is performed to assess 
whether there is objective evidence of impairment. 
The carrying amount of the investment in the associ-
ated undertaking or joint venture is compared with 
the recoverable amount (higher of value in use and 
fair value less cost to sell) and the carrying amount 
is written down to the recoverable amount if 
required. Impairment of investments in associated 
undertakings and joint ventures is classified as 
“Profit from associated undertakings and joint ven-
tures accounted for under the equity method” in the 
income statement.
Impairment losses are reversed if the recoverable 
amount increases. The carrying amount is then 
increased to the recoverable amount but cannot 
exceed the carrying amount that would have been 
determined had no impairment loss been 
recognised.
Nordea is not generally involved in any sale or 
contribution of assets to or from associated under-
takings or joint ventures, but if such transactions 
occur, Nordea’s share of any profit recognised in the 
associate or joint venture is eliminated. Other trans-
actions between Nordea and its associated under-
takings or joint ventures are not eliminated.
For some associated undertakings and joint ven-
tures not individually significant, the change in 
Nordea’s share of the net assets is based on the 
external reporting of the associated undertakings 
and joint ventures and affects the financial state-
ments of Nordea in the period in which the informa-
tion is available. The reporting from the associated 
undertakings and joint ventures is, if applicable, 
adjusted to comply with Nordea’s accounting 
policies.
Some investments within Nordea’s investment 
activities in Treasury and Nordea Life & Pension 
(classified as part of Nordea’s venture capital organ-
isation) are measured at fair value in accordance 
with the rules set out in IAS 28 and IFRS 9.

===== SIDA 269 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 268
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G9.3  Investments in associated undertakings and joint ventures, cont.
Investments in associated undertakings  
and joint  ventures
EURm 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Acquisition value at beginning of year 527 541
Acquisitions 48 14
Sales1 -121 –
Share in earnings 6 8
Share of other comprehensive income -1 4
Share in net result from items at fair value 35 18
Dividend received -5 -33
Reclassifications -4 -16
Translation differences 3 -9
Acquisition value at end of year 488 527
Accumulated impairment charges 
at beginning of year -45 -60
Accumulated impairment charges on sales1 23 –
Impairment charges2 -8 -2
Reversed impairment charges2 – 4
Reclassifications 4 12
Translation differences 0 1
Accumulated impairment charges  
at end of year -26 -45
Total 462 482
1) Refers to the sale of Eksportfinans ASA.
2) Refers to Finansinfrastruktur i Sverige AB (former P27).
Nordea’s share of the associated undertakings’ aggre-
gated balance sheets and income statements can be 
 summarised as follows:
EURm 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Total assets 767 860
Net profit for the year 42 26
Other comprehensive income -1 4
Total comprehensive income 41 30
Nordea’s share of the joint ventures’ aggregated balance 
sheets and income statements can be summarised as 
follows: 
EURm 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Total assets 7 8
Net profit for the year -1 0
Total comprehensive income -1 0
For information about investments in group undertakings 
and companies for which Nordea has unlimited responsi-
bility, see Note G9.1 “Consolidated entities”.
Associated undertakings and joint ventures
Registration 
number Domicile
Carrying 
amount 
2025, EURm
Carrying 
amount 
2024, EURm
Voting 
power of 
holding % Ownership %
Udviklingsselskabet Carlsberg Byen P/S1 33648499 Copenhagen 107 112 23 23
Havneholmen P/S1 38036572 Kongens Lyngby 88 84 50 50
Margretheholmen P/S1 34609829 Valby 84 65 50 50
P/S Ottilia Copenhagen1 40087095 Copenhagen 41 39 50 50
K/S Ejendomsholding Banemarksvej1 43125834 Nordhavn 40 26 40 40
Eksportfinans ASA 816521432 Oslo – 94 – –
Eiendomsverdi AS 881971682 Oslo 11 12 25 25
Getswish AB 556913-7382 Stockholm 10 10 20 20
NF Fleet AB 556692-3271 Taeby 8 6 20 20
NF Fleet Oy 2006935-5 Espoo 7 7 20 20
NF Fleet A/S 29185263 Copenhagen 4 3 20 20
NF Fleet AS 988906808 Oslo 3 2 20 20
Bankomat AB 556817-9716 Stockholm 6 8 20 20
Trill Impact AB 559196-0827 Stockholm 6 4 5 30
E-nettet A/S 21270776 Copenhagen 3 3 17 17
CrediWire ApS 37264628 Copenhagen 2 2 7 7
OPEN POS Nordic Group AB 559063-2369 Gothenburg 2 2 46 46
Svenska e-fakturabolaget AB 556563-0596 Stockholm 2 1 50 50
Subaio ApS 37766585 Aalborg 1 1 20 20
Others 1 1
Total associated undertakings 426 482
Finansinfrastruktur i Sverige AB (former P27) 559198-9610 Stockholm 31 – 23 23
Siirto Brand Oy 3102648-1 Helsinki 4 0 50 50
Tibern AB 559384-3542 Stockholm 1 0 14 14
Invidem AB 559210-0779 Stockholm – – 17 17
Total joint ventures 36 0
Total associated undertakings and joint ventures 462 482
1) Measured at fair value.

===== SIDA 270 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 269
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G9.4 Interest in structured entities
Accounting policies
A structured entity is an entity created to accomplish 
a narrow and well-defined objective where voting 
rights are not the dominant factor in determining 
control. Often legal arrangements impose strict lim-
its on the decision-making powers of management 
over the ongoing activities of a structured entity. The 
same consolidation requirements apply to these 
entities, but as voting rights do not determine 
whether control exists, other factors are used to 
determine control.
Power can exist due to agreements or other types 
of influence over a structured entity. This is normally 
the case when Nordea has sponsored or established 
a structured entity or when Nordea is the investment 
manager and has sole discretion as to investments 
and other administrative decisions.
Variability in returns is also a prerequisite for con-
solidation. Service and commission fees in connec-
tion with the establishment of the structured entity 
are normally not significant enough to trigger con-
solidation, nor is acting as an investment manager or 
as a custodian. Funding in the form of fund units, 
loans or credit commitments can result in significant 
variability in returns. If Nordea is exposed to varia-
bility in returns and has power to affect the returns 
of the entity, it is consolidated. Nordea normally con-
siders a share of more than 30% of the return pro-
duced by a structured entity to give rise to variability 
and thus to give control. Variability is measured as 
the sum of fees received and revaluation of assets 
held. For unit-linked and other contracts where the 
policyholder/depositor decides both the amount and 
in which assets to invest, Nordea is considered to act 
as an agent, and such holdings are thus not included 
in the control assessment.
Consolidated structured entities
Viking ABCP Conduit (Viking) has been established with 
the purpose of supporting trade receivable or accounts 
payable securitisation transactions to core Nordic custom-
ers. The SPE purchases trade receivables from approved 
sellers and funds the purchases either by issuing commer-
cial paper (CP) via the established asset-backed commer-
cial paper programme or by drawing funds under the 
liquidity facilities available. 
Nordea has provided liquidity facilities to a maximum of 
EUR 856m (EUR 856m) and at year end EUR 578m  
(EUR 668m) was utilised. The total assets of the conduit 
amounted to EUR 691m (EUR 758m) at year end. The SPE 
is consolidated as Nordea manages the entity and is 
exposed to variability in returns through the liquidity facil-
ity. There are no significant restrictions on repayment of 
loans from Viking apart from the payments being depend-
ent on the rate at which Viking releases its assets.
Unconsolidated structured entities
Disclosures are provided for structured entities in which 
Nordea has an interest but over which Nordea has no con-
trol. Nordea has holdings in investment funds that are 
unconsolidated structured entities. Such holdings are rec-
ognised on Nordea’s balance sheet and relate to 
investments:
• on behalf of policyholders in Nordea Life & Pension
• on behalf of depositors where the return is based on 
the investment
• to hedge exposures to structured products issued  
to customers 
• that are illiquid private equity and credit funds. 
As Nordea is exposed to variability in returns on a gross 
basis, information about these funds is disclosed although 
the net exposure is considerably less. Any change in the 
value of investment funds acquired on behalf of policyhold-
ers and depositors where the policyholder/depositor bears 
the investment risk is reflected in the value of the related 
liability, and the maximum net exposure to losses is zero. 
The change in the value of investment funds held on behalf 
of other policyholders is largely passed on to the 
policyholders, but as Nordea has issued guarantees in 
respect of some of these products, Nordea is exposed to 
value changes. 
Investment funds acquired to hedge exposures to struc-
tured products reduce the net exposures to the extent 
hedges are effective. 
Investments in illiquid private equity and credit funds are 
an integral part of managing balance sheet risks at Nordea. 
The maximum loss on private equity and credit funds is esti-
mated at EUR 1,270m (EUR 1,316m), equal to the investments 
in the funds. 
Nordea has established and therefore sponsored one 
unconsolidated structured entity, Thulite. Currently, 
Nordea has neither control over nor an interest in the 
entity. During the year Nordea entered into two new trans-
actions with Thulite where Nordea bought financial guar-
antees on portfolios of loans. During the year Nordea 
received reimbursement of losses of EUR 15m on its loan 
portfolios guaranteed by Thulite.
Nordea’s interests in unconsolidated structured entities 
and any related liability are disclosed in the table below. 
The carrying amount is the maximum exposure to credit 
loss before considering any hedges. Income related to 
these investments is recognised in “Net result from items 
at fair value”.
Interest in unconsolidated structured entities
EURm 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Assets, carrying amount:
Interest-bearing securities 246 910
Shares 27,267 22,518
Assets in pooled schemes and unit-linked 
investment contracts 63,868 55,820
Total assets 91,381 79,248
Liabilities, carrying amount:
Deposits in pooled schemes and unit-linked 
investment contracts 63,868 55,820
Insurance contract liabilities 24,276 20,600
Total liabilities 88,144 76,420
Off-balance sheet, nominal amount:
Loan commitments – –
Nordea holds a large number of different funds that are 
classified as unconsolidated structured entities, some of 
which are managed by Nordea. These have different 
investment mandates and types of risk appetite, ranging 
from low-risk government bond funds to high-risk lever-
aged equity funds. The total assets of funds managed by 
Nordea are EUR 256bn (EUR 230bn). All funds are 
financed by deposits from unitholders. The total assets of 
investment funds not managed by Nordea are not consid-
ered meaningful for the purpose of understanding the 
related risks and are thus not disclosed.

===== SIDA 271 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 270
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G9.5 Assets and liabilities held for sale
Accounting policies
Individual assets and disposal groups including 
assets and liabilities are presented in the separate 
balance sheet line items “Assets held for sale” and 
“Liabilities held for sale”, respectively, as from the 
classification date. 
This occurs when the following criteria are 
fulfilled:
• The carrying amount will be recovered principally 
through a sale transaction rather than through 
continuing use.
• A decision to sell has been made on the right level 
and the asset or disposal group is available for sale 
in its current condition.
• The sale is highly probable and will be executed 
within 12 months.
Financial instruments continue to be measured 
under IFRS 9, while non-financial assets are held at 
the lower of carrying amount and fair value. 
Comparative figures are not restated.
Retail finance in Sweden
In the fourth quarter of 2023 Nordea decided to wind 
down its operations in retail finance in the Swedish 
finance company and to sell the existing loan portfolio. By 
the end of 2024 the portfolio amounted to EUR 95m and 
was classifed as “Assets held for sale”. The sale was com-
pleted in 2025. 
G9.6 Acquisitions
Accounting policies
In a business combination, the acquired identifiable 
assets and liabilities are recognised at fair value, 
including any intangible assets identified in the 
acquisition. The net fair value of identifiable assets 
and liabilities is compared with the consideration 
paid and any surplus is recognised as goodwill. See 
also Note G9.1 “Consolidated entities”.
Acquisition of Danske Bank’s personal customer 
and private banking business in Norway
On 18 November 2024 Nordea acquired the Norwegian 
personal customer and private banking business from 
Danske Bank. Nordea took over approx. 235,000 custom-
ers and 236 employees, and the net purchase price 
amounted to EUR 2,375m. The net purchase price was 
largely equal to the carrying amount of the assets and lia-
bilities of the seller, after fair value adjustments on loans 
with fixed interest rates. The transaction also included 
associated asset management portfolios of EUR 1.2bn, 
which have not been consolidated into the Nordea Group’s 
financial statements. The transaction did not include any 
transfer of equity interests. 
The acquisition is an important step in the execution of 
Nordea’s Nordic strategy, as it expands Nordea’s presence 
in Norway. It will also add significant scale to Nordea’s 
Personal Banking business in Norway and provide value 
creation opportunities through offering the new custom-
ers a broader set of products and services.
The purchase price allocation is disclosed below.
EURm 18 November 2024
Loans to the public 8,904
Other assets and liabilities 23
Deposits and borrowings from the public -3,186
Debt securities in issue -3,390
Acquired net assets 2,351
Purchase price, settled in cash 2,375
Cost of combination 2,375
Surplus value 24
Allocation of surplus value:
Customer relationship intangible asset 24
A customer relationship intangible asset was identified in 
the transaction, to which the entire surplus value has been 
allocated. It represents the value of the entire customer 
relationship, but is primarily driven by the net present 
value of the cash flows generated by the asset manage-
ment portfolios. The customer relationship intangible asset 
is amortised over 10 years, which is the estimated useful 
life.
The revenue and operating profit, excluding integration 
costs, for the period during which the portfolios were con-
solidated were EUR 15m and EUR 2m, respectively.

===== SIDA 272 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 271
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G10 Other 
disclosures
G10.1  Additional disclosures on the 
statement of changes in equity
Accounting policies
Equity is the residual interest in recognised assets 
after deduction of recognised liabilities. For equity 
there are no requirements to distribute cash flows. 
Instruments are classified as financial liabilities if 
such genuine requirements exist, for instance to pay 
when a triggering event occurs that is beyond the 
control of both the issuer and the holder of the 
instruments. See Note G3.3 “Classification and meas-
urement” for more information, including the critical 
judgements applied by Nordea. 
Any payments connected to instruments classi-
fied as equity are accounted for directly in equity 
and presented as dividends. Nordea has determined 
that payments on financial instruments classified as 
equity (i.e. Additional Tier 1 instruments with write-
down features) are distribution of profits and they 
are therefore accounted for as dividends. Dividends 
to shareholders are recognised as a reduction of 
equity when the Annual General Meeting has 
adopted the proposal. The reduction of equity is 
accounted for when the Board of Directors decides 
on dividends in situations where the Annual General 
Meeting has given the Board of Directors a mandate 
to make such a decision up to a certain cap.
Investments in own shares are not accounted for 
as assets; instead, they are recognised as a reduction 
in equity net of any transaction costs. Acquisitions of 
treasury shares as part of the Markets trading oper-
ations are recognised as a reduction in invested 
unrestricted equity. Treasury shares acquired to opti-
mise the capital structure and Nordea’s buy-back 
programmes are recognised as a reduction in 
retained earnings. Transaction costs related to 
repurchasing of treasury shares are also recognised 
in equity. There is no impact on the financial state-
ments when shares are cancelled. Sales of own 
shares in the trading operations are recognised as 
increases in invested unrestricted equity. 
Contracts on Nordea shares that can be settled 
net in cash, for instance derivatives such as options 
and warrants, are either presented as financial 
assets or liabilities, meaning that these are not 
equity instruments. 
Non-controlling interests comprise the portion of 
net assets of group undertakings not owned directly 
or indirectly by Nordea Bank Abp. For each business 
combination, Nordea measures the non-controlling 
interests in the acquiree either at fair value or at 
their proportionate share of the acquiree’s identifia-
ble net assets. 
Other reserves comprise income and expenses, 
net of tax effects, which are reported in equity 
through other comprehensive income. 
Apart from undistributed profits from previous 
years, retained earnings include the equity portion 
of untaxed reserves. Untaxed reserves according to 
national rules are accounted for as equity net of 
deferred tax at prevailing tax rates in the respective 
country. 
In addition, Nordea’s share of the undistributed 
earnings in associated and joint ventures since the 
date of acquisition is included in retained earnings. 
Additional Tier 1 capital holders
Nordea has issued perpetual subordinated instruments 
(Additional Tier 1 instruments) which are converted into a 
variable number of Nordea shares in case a pre-defined 
CET1 trigger level for either the Nordea Group or NBAbp is 
breached. Interest payments are fully discretionary and 
mandatorily cancelled in certain circumstances. As Nordea 
may be obliged to deliver a variable number of Nordea 
shares, these Additional Tier 1 instruments are classified as 
financial liabilities. 
Nordea has also issued perpetual subordinated instru-
ments (Additional Tier 1 instruments) which will be writ-
ten down instead of converted into Nordea shares in case 
a pre-defined CET1 trigger level for either the Nordea 
Group or NBAbp is breached. Interest payments are fully 
discretionary and mandatorily cancelled in certain circum-
stances. These instruments are classified as equity as there 
is no requirement for Nordea to pay interest or principal to 
the holders of the instruments. By the end of 2025 no such 
instruments were outstanding.
Non-controlling interests 
For information about non-controlling interests, see Note 
G9.1 “Consolidated entities”. 
Share capital
The share capital amounts to EUR 4,049,951,919. The 
shares in Nordea have no nominal value. Each share car-
ries one voting right. For more information about the num-
ber of registered shares, see “Statement of changes in 
equity”.
Invested unrestricted equity
Invested unrestricted equity equals the amount of the 
share premium reserve of Nordea Bank AB (publ) before 
completion of the re-domiciliation by way of a cross-bor-
der reversed merger. Invested unrestricted equity has also 
been impacted by acquisitions and sales of treasury 
shares as part of the Markets trading operations. 
Other reserves
These reserves include reserves for cash flow hedges, 
financial assets classified in the category “Financial assets 
at fair value through other comprehensive income” and 
accumulated remeasurements of defined benefit pension 
plans as well as a reserve for translation differences. For 
an analysis of the row “Other comprehensive, net of tax” 
by item see “Statement of comprehensive income”.
Retained earnings
Retained earnings primarily comprise Nordea’s undistrib-
uted profits from previous years.
G10.2  Additional disclosures on 
the cash flow statement
Accounting policies
The cash flow statement shows inflows and out-
flows of cash and cash equivalents during the year 
for total operations. Nordea’s cash flow statement 
has been prepared in accordance with the indirect 
method, whereby operating profit is adjusted for 
effects of non-cash transactions such as deprecia-
tion and loan losses. Cash flows are classified by 
operating, investing and financing activities.
Operating activities
Cash flows from operating activities, which are the princi-
pal revenue-producing activities, are mainly derived from 
profits during the year adjusted for items not included in 
cash flows and income taxes paid. Adjustment for items 
not included in cash flows includes:
EURm 2025 2024
Depreciation 610 562
Impairment charges 4 15
Loan losses 60 238
Net result on loans in hold portfolios 
mandatorily held at fair value 1 8
Unrealised gains/losses 2,587 109
Capital gains/losses (net) -23 -30
Change in accruals and provisions 13 190
Translation differences -762 570
Change in insurance contract liabilities 4 -7
Change in fair value of hedged items,  
assets/liabilities (net) 231 664
Other 62 -13
Total 2,787 2,306

===== SIDA 273 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 272
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G10.2  A dditional disclosures on the cash flow statement, cont.
Operating assets and liabilities consist of assets and liabili-
ties that are part of normal business activities, such as 
loans, deposits and debt securities in issue. Changes in 
derivatives are reported on a net basis.
Cash flows from operating activities include interest 
payments received and interest expenses paid in the fol-
lowing amounts:
EURm 2025 2024
Interest received 17,336 21,235
Interest paid -10,139 -13,444
Investing activities
Investing activities include acquisition and disposal of 
non-current assets such as property and equipment and 
intangible and financial assets. 
Financing activities
Financing activities are activities that result in changes in 
equity and subordinated liabilities such as new issues of 
shares, dividends and issued/amortised subordinated lia-
bilities and the principal portion of lease payments.
Cash and cash equivalents
The following items are included in “Cash and cash 
equivalents”: 
EURm 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Cash and balances with  c entral banks 38,206 46,562
Loans to central banks payable on demand 4 4
Loans to credit institutions payable on 
demand 983 999
Total 39,193 47,565
Cash comprises legal tender and bank notes in foreign 
currencies. Balances with central banks consist of deposits 
in accounts with central banks and postal giro systems 
under government authority where the following condi-
tions are fulfilled:
• The central bank or the postal giro system is domiciled in 
the country where the institution is established.
• The balance on the account is readily available at any 
time.
Loans to central banks and credit institutions payable on 
demand include liquid assets not represented by bonds or 
other interest-bearing securities. 
Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing 
activities
The opening balance of subordinated liabilities was EUR 
7,410m (EUR 5,720m). Cash flows during the period were 
EUR 937m (EUR 1,430m) and the effects of FX and other 
changes were EUR 463m (EUR 260m), resulting in a clos-
ing balance of EUR 8,810m (EUR 7,410m).
The opening balance of lease liabilities was EUR 1,103m 
(EUR 1,103m). During the period cash flows related to the 
liabilities amounted to EUR -112m (EUR -151m) and other 
changes from new, terminated and modified contracts and 
FX changes amounted to EUR 54m (EUR 151m), resulting 
in a closing balance of EUR 1,045m (EUR 1,103m).
EURm  2025  2024
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning  
of year 47,565 51,362
Translation differences -1,288 560
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 39,193 47,565
Change -7,084 -4,357

===== SIDA 274 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 273
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G10.3 Maturity analysis
Accounting policies 
The table “Expected maturity” presents the 
expected maturities for the balance sheet items. The 
table “Contractual undiscounted cash flows” is 
based on contractual undiscounted maturities. For 
derivatives, the expected cash inflows and outflows 
are disclosed for both derivative assets and deriva-
tive liabilities as derivatives are managed on a net 
basis. For contractual lease liabilities, see Note G5.4 
“Leases”. For further information about remaining 
maturity, see also section 8 “Liquidity risk” in Note 
G11 “Risk and liquidity management”.
Expected maturity
31 Dec 2025 
Expected to be recovered or settled:
31 Dec 2024 
Expected to be recovered or settled:
EURm Note Within 12 months After 12 months Total Within 12 months After 12 months Total
Cash and balances with central banks 38,206 – 38,206 46,562 – 46,562
Loans to central banks G3.8 6,947 – 6,947 4,075 – 4,075
Loans to credit institutions G3.8 3,367 671 4,038 2,388 562 2,950
Loans to the public G3.8 105,483 276,388 381,871 96,130 261,458 357,588
Interest-bearing securities G3.9 13,526 66,346 79,872 14,985 58,479 73,464
Shares G3.10 14,573 25,014 39,587 1,866 33,522 35,388
Assets in pooled schemes and unit-linked investment contracts G3.11 7,359 63,318 70,677 7,499 53,380 60,879
Derivatives G3.12 259 17,374 17,633 7,783 17,428 25,211
Fair value changes of hedged items in portfolio hedges of interest rate risk G3.6 -158 – -158 -243 – -243
Investments in associated undertakings and joint ventures G9.3 – 462 462 – 482 482
Intangible assets G5.1 – 4,088 4,088 21 3,861 3,882
Properties and equipment G5.2 – 1,564 1,564 145 1,516 1,661
Investment properties G5.3 – 2,215 2,215 22 2,110 2,132
Deferred tax assets G2.11 7 173 180 11 195 206
Current tax assets G2.11 383 – 383 364 – 364
Retirement benefit assets G8.2 – 334 334 – 360 360
Other assets 1,655 3,964 5,619 1,146 6,022 7,168
Prepaid expenses and accrued income 787 45 832 1,089 42 1,131
Assets held for sale G9.5 – – – 95 – 95
Total assets 192,394 461,956 654,350 183,938 439,417 623,355
Deposits by credit institutions G3.13 32,783 1,348 34,131 28,678 97 28,775
Deposits and borrowings from the public G3.14 224,392 18,482 242,874 224,008 8,427 232,435
Deposits in pooled schemes and unit-linked investment contracts G3.11 5,466 66,145 71,611 4,529 57,184 61,713
Insurance contract liabilities G4 2,314 30,783 33,097 1,910 28,441 30,351
Debt securities in issue G3.15 70,704 125,572 196,276 74,868 113,268 188,136
Derivatives G3.12 340 17,738 18,078 3,993 21,041 25,034
Fair value changes of hedged items in hedges of interest rate risk G3.6 -567 – -567 -458 – -458
Current tax liabilities G2.11 672 – 672 208 – 208
Other liabilities1 G3.16 5,658 8,748 14,406 4,544 9,652 14,196
Accrued expenses and prepaid income 1,256 42 1,298 1,582 56 1,638
Deferred tax liabilities G2.11 87 514 601 27 786 813
Provisions G6 85 263 348 113 283 396
Retirement benefit liabilities G8.2 – 296 296 – 272 272
Subordinated liabilities G3.17 921 7,889 8,810 93 7,317 7,410
Total liabilities 344,111 277,820 621,931 344,095 246,824 590,919
1) Of which lease liabilities 106 939 1,045 109 994 1,103

===== SIDA 275 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 274
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G10.3 Maturity analysis, cont.
Contractual undiscounted cash flows
31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
EURm < 1 month 1–3 months 3–12 months 1–2 years 2–5 years 5–10 years >10 years Total < 1 month 1–3 months 3–12 months 1–2 years 2–5 years 5–10 years >10 years Total
Cash and balances with central banks and loans to central banks 45,005 148 – – – – – 45,153 50,475 162 – – – – – 50,637
Loans to credit institutions 4,470 456 398 408 219 – – 5,951 2,892 422 298 26 230 – – 3,868
Loans to the public 69,157 18,907 43,257 41,539 77,637 62,845 207,341 520,683 61,399 22,283 40,731 40,586 71,973 70,367 197,332 504,671
Interest-bearing securities 1,193 1,317 15,544 23,996 36,318 9,491 10,877 98,736 1,777 791 14,589 17,115 38,363 9,476 5,254 87,365
Other non-derivative financial assets – – – – – – 115,084 115,084 – – – – – – 102,791 102,791
Total non-derivative financial assets 119,825 20,828 59,199 65,943 114,174 72,336 333,302 785,607 116,543 23,658 55,618 57,727 110,566 79,843 305,377 749,332
Deposits by credit institutions 19,205 15,875 4,258 – – – – 39,338 25,520 3,945 895 3 65 – – 30,428
Deposits and borrowings from the public 226,572 12,223 5,366 131 8 – – 244,300 212,565 15,267 4,935 56 70 1 0 232,894
Debt securities in issue 5,926 18,036 57,624 40,962 71,424 21,114 19,492 234,578 3,940 23,033 64,907 33,295 72,169 16,908 20,330 234,582
- of which CDs and CPs 885 14,078 30,070 4,463 43 – – 49,539 1,025 17,000 22,297 27 51 – – 40,400
- of which covered bonds 5,041 3,650 23,877 28,702 57,859 15,357 19,197 153,683 2,915 3,438 35,780 29,303 58,495 12,608 20,061 162,600
- of which other bonds – 308 3,677 7,797 13,522 5,757 295 31,356 – 2,595 6,830 3,965 13,623 4,300 269 31,582
Subordinated liabilities 1,180 1,547 810 4,908 1,781 – – 10,226 – 125 255 2,798 3,129 2,377 184 8,868
Other non-derivative financial liabilities 84,169 21 94 111 277 344 331 85,347 74,016 21 97 118 281 345 384 75,262
Total non-derivative financial liabilities 337,052 47,702 68,152 46,112 73,490 21,458 19,823 613,789 316,041 42,391 71,089 36,270 75,714 19,631 20,898 582,034
Derivatives, cash inflows 253,542 271,418 189,529 130,229 246,366 161,573 104,231 1,356,888 241,710 239,182 181,085 102,525 204,988 122,543 72,563 1,164,596
Derivatives, cash outflows 253,641 272,044 189,519 129,964 246,994 162,096 104,591 1,358,849 241,705 239,103 182,027 102,898 205,436 123,562 72,701 1,167,432
Derivatives, net cash flows -99 -626 10 265 -628 -523 -360 -1,961 5 79 -942 -373 -448 -1,019 -138 -2,836
Credit commitments 95,010 – – – – – – 95,010 86,948 – – – – – – 86,948
Issued guarantees 19,545 – – – – – – 19,545 20,337 – – – – – – 20,337

===== SIDA 276 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 275
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G10.4 R elated party transactions
Accounting policies
Related parties
A related party is a person or entity that is related to 
Nordea. Related parties are grouped in the following 
categories:
• Shareholders with significant influence
• Associated undertakings and joint ventures
• Key management personnel
• Other related parties.
Shareholders with significant influence
Shareholders with significant influence are share-
holders that have the power to participate in the 
financial and operating policy decisions of Nordea 
but do not control those policies.
Associated undertakings and joint ventures
For the definition of associated undertakings and 
joint ventures, see Note G9.3 “Investments in associ-
ated undertakings and joint ventures”.
Key managment personnel
Key management personnel are the persons having 
authority and responsibility for planning, directing 
and controlling the activities in Nordea, directly or 
indirectly, including any director of the entity. 
Other related parties
Other related parties comprise subsidiaries of share-
holders with significant influence, close family mem-
bers of key management personnel and companies 
controlled or jointly controlled by key management 
personnel or by close family members of key man-
agement personnel. 
Related party transactions
A related party transaction is a transfer of resources, 
services or obligations between Nordea and a 
related party, regardless of whether a price is 
charged. See also Accounting policies in Note G8.4 
“Key management personnel remuneration”.
Related party transactions
Associated  
undertakings1
Other related  
parties2
EURm
31 Dec 
2025
31 Dec 
2024
31 Dec 
2025
31 Dec 
2024
Assets
Loans 116 137 2 2
Other assets 0 1 – –
Total assets 116 138 2 2
Liabilities
Deposits 0 1 38 11
Derivatives – 3 – –
Other liabilities 2 0 0 0
Total liabilities 2 4 38 11
Off-balance sheet items – – 5 5
Associated  
undertakings1
Other related  
parties2
EURm 2025 2024 2025 2024
Net interest income 4 4 0 0
Net fee and commission income 1 2 0 0
Net result from items at fair 
value – -1 0 0
Total operating expenses -1 0 – –
Profit before loan losses 4 5 0 0
1)  In formation about associated undertakings included in the Nordea Group is 
found in Note G9.3 “Investments in associated undertakings and joint ventures”.
2)  This c olumn includes shareholders with significant influence (including their 
subsidiaries), close family members of key management personnel at Nordea, 
companies controlled or jointly controlled by key management personnel or by 
close family members of key management personnel at Nordea. It also includes 
Nordea’s pension foundations. 
All transactions with related parties are made on the same 
criteria and terms as those of comparable transactions 
with external parties of similar standing, apart from loans 
granted to employees as well as certain other commit-
ments to key management personnel, see Note G8.4 “Key 
management personnel remuneration” and Note G7.1 
“Contingent liabilities”.
The information above is presented from Nordea’s per-
spective, meaning that the information shows the effect of 
related party transactions on the Nordea figures.
In Nordea key management personnel includes  
the  f ollowing positions:
• Board of Directors
• Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
• Deputy Managing Director
• Group Leadership Team.
Loans to key management personnel amounted to EUR 
5.0m (EUR 2.4m) and interest income on these loans 
amounted to EUR 0.1m (EUR 0.1m). Deposits from key 
management personnel amounted to EUR 1.2m (EUR 
5.7m) and interest on these deposits amounted to EUR 
-0.0m (EUR -0.1m). Loan commitments to key manage-
ment personnel amounted to EUR 4.0m (EUR 0.3m).
For key management personnel employed by Nordea 
the same credit terms apply as for other employees. In 
Finland, the employee interest rate for mortgage loans cor-
responds to Nordea Bank Abp’s funding cost with a margin 
of 30bp and for other loans the employee interest rate cor-
responds to Nordea Bank Abp’s funding cost with a margin 
of 45–500bp. In Denmark, the employee interest rate for 
loans is variable and between 2.50–4.45% depending of 
the type of mortgage. In Norway, the variable interest rate 
on loans to employees is 4.44%. Mortgage loans with fixed 
interest rates are offered with the same rates as mortgage 
loans to Premium customers. In Sweden, loans approved 
with employee conditions are a maximum amount at SEK 
3m for any type of loan and a maximum amount at SEK 
0.4m for car loans. The interest rate for these loans is 215bp 
lower than the corresponding interest rate for external cus-
tomers. For interest on loans above SEK 3m and SEK 0.4m 
respectively, the employees receive the same maximal dis-
count as Nordea’s best external customers.
Loans to family members of key management person-
nel who do not live in the same household as key manage-
ment personnel are granted on normal market terms, as 
are loans to key management personnel who are not 
employed by Nordea. For more information about transac-
tions with key management personnel, see Note G8.4 “Key 
management personnel remuneration”.

===== SIDA 277 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 276
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and  
liquidity management 
1.  Risk governance ..................................................................................276
1.1 Internal Control Framework  ..............................................276
1.2 Decision-making bodies for risk, liquidity  
 and capital management  ...................................................276
1.3 Governance of risk management  
 and compliance ..........................................................................277
1.4 Disclosure requirements of the Capital  
 Requirements Regulation – Capital and  
 Risk Management Report 2025  ......................................278
2.  Credit risk ................................................................................................278
2.1 ESG-related credit risk  ..........................................................278
2.2 Credit risk definition and identification  .....................279
2.3 Credit risk mitigation  ..............................................................279
2.4 Exposures, allowances and provisions  ......................279
2.5 Sensitivities  ...................................................................................292
2.6 Forward-looking information  ...........................................293
2.7 Management judgements  ..................................................298
2.8 Rating and scoring distribution  ......................................298
3. Counterparty credit risk  ..................................................................301
4. Market risk ..............................................................................................301
4.1 Traded market risk ...................................................................301
4.2 Non-traded market risk  ........................................................301
4.3 Measurement of market risk  .............................................301
4.4 Market risk analysis.................................................................302
4.5 Net interest income risk and Economic  
 Value risk ........................................................................................302
4.6 Other market risks/pension risk  .....................................302
5. Operational risk ................................................................................... 303
5.1 Management of operational risk  ...................................303
5.2 Model risk ......................................................................................304
6. Compliance risk ...................................................................................304
6.1 Code of Conduct  .......................................................................304
6.2 Raise your Concern .................................................................304
6.3 Financial crime prevention  .................................................305
7.  Life insurance risk and market risks in the  
Life & Pension operations  .............................................................305
8. Liquidity risk  .........................................................................................305
8.1 Liquidity risk definition and identification  ...............305
8.2 Management principles and control  ...........................305
8.3 Funding and liquidity strategy  ........................................305
8.4 Liquidity risk measurement  ...............................................306
8.5 Liquidity risk analysis  .............................................................306
1. Risk governance 
Maintaining organisational risk awareness is an integral 
part of Nordea’s business strategy. Nordea has defined 
clear risk management frameworks, policies and instruc-
tions for different risk types covering all risk exposures. 
1.1 Internal Control Framework
The Internal Control Framework covers the whole Group 
and includes the Board of Directors, Group Chief Executive 
Officer (Group CEO) and senior executive management 
responsibilities regarding internal control, all Group func-
tions and business areas including outsourced activities 
and distribution channels. Under the Internal Control 
Framework, all business areas, Group functions and units 
are responsible for managing the risks they incur when 
conducting their activities and to have controls in place 
that aim to ensure compliance with internal and external 
requirements. As part of the Internal Control Framework, 
Nordea has established Group control functions with 
appropriate and sufficient authority, independence and 
access to the Group Board to fulfil their mission. Within 
the Internal Control Framework the Group Board has 
established Nordea’s Risk Management Framework and 
Compliance Risk Management Framework.
The Internal Control Framework ensures effective and 
efficient operations, adequate identification, measurement 
and mitigation of risks, prudent conduct of business, 
sound administrative and accounting procedures, reliabil-
ity of financial and non-financial information (both inter-
nal and external) and compliance with applicable laws, 
regulations, standards, supervisory requirements and 
Group internal rules. 
1.2 Decision-making bodies for risk, 
liquidity and capital management
The Group Board, the Board Risk Committee, the Group 
CEO in the GLT, the Asset and Liability Committee (ALCO) 
and the Risk Committee (RC) are the key decision-making 
bodies for risk and capital management at Nordea. In 
addition, the CEO Credit Committee, the Executive Credit 
Committee and Business Area Credit Committees are the 
key bodies for credit decision-making.
Group Board
The Group Board has the following overarching risk man-
agement responsibilities:
• Decide on the Group’s risk strategy and the Risk Appetite 
Framework, including the Risk Appetite Statement, with 
at least annual reviews and additional updates when 
needed.
• Oversee and monitor the implementation of the risk 
strategy, Risk Appetite Framework and Risk Manage-
ment Framework and regularly evaluate whether the 
Group has effective and appropriate controls to manage 
the risks.
• Monitor and oversee the development of the Group’s risk 
profile against the Group Board-approved Risk Appetite 
Statements. 
• Set expectations and oversee the implementation of the 
Group’s risk culture, including approval of the Code of 
Conduct and values. 
• Monitor the presence of a sound risk culture consistently 
and consider the impact of the risk culture on the finan-
cial stability risk profile and governance.
The Group Board decides on capital policy, including divi-
dend policy, to ensure adequate capital and liquidity levels 
within the Group and on an ongoing forward-looking 
basis, consistent with Nordea’s business model, risk appe-
tite and regulatory requirements and expectations.
Board Risk Committee
The Board Risk Committee assists the Group Board in ful-
filling its oversight responsibilities concerning manage-
ment and control of the risks, risk frameworks, controls 
and processes associated with the Group’s operations.
Group CEO
The Group CEO is responsible to the Group Board for the 
overall management of the Group’s operations and risks. 
Responsibilities include ensuring that the risk strategy and 
risk management framework decided by the Group Board 
is implemented, the necessary practical measures are 
taken and risks are monitored and limited. 
The Group CEO is supported in decision-making by sen-
ior management within the GLT. Matters that are to be 
decided by the Group Board and matters of principle or 
otherwise of particular importance that are to be decided 
by the boards of directors of the major subsidiaries of 
Nordea Bank Abp must first be presented to the Group 
CEO for discussion and recommendation.

===== SIDA 278 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 277
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Group-wide committees have been established by the 
Group CEO to promote coordination within the Group, thus 
ensuring commitment to and ownership of Group-wide pri-
oritisations, decisions and implementation. The composition 
and areas of responsibility of each committee are estab-
lished in the Group CEO Instructions for the respective 
committees.
Asset and Liability Committee
The Asset and Liability Committee (ALCO) is subordinated 
to the Group CEO in GLT and chaired by the Group Chief 
Financial Officer (CFO). ALCO decides on changes to the 
financial operations and the risk profile of the balance 
sheet, including asset and liability management (ALM), 
balance sheet management and liquidity management. 
ALCO also decides on certain issuances and capital injec-
tions for all wholly owned legal entities within the Group. 
ALCO has established sub-committees for its work and 
decision-making within specific risk areas. 
Risk Committee
The Risk Committee is subordinated to the Group CEO in the 
GLT and chaired by the Group Chief Risk Officer (CRO). The 
Risk Committee serves as a decision-making and/or pre-
paratory body on risk, while promoting interaction and coor-
dination within the Group on risk topics across the first and 
second lines of defence. It prepares or provides guidance 
regarding proposals to the Group CEO in the GLT and/or the 
Group Board on issues of major importance concerning 
Nordea’s Risk Management Framework. The Group Board 
decides on the Risk Appetite Framework. The Risk 
Committee allocates the risk appetite to the risk-taking units, 
and the first line of defence is responsible for ensuring that 
limits are further cascaded and operationally implemented. 
The Risk Committee has established sub-committees for its 
work and decision-making within specific risk areas.
Credit decision-making bodies
The Group Board and the subsidiaries’ boards of directors 
delegate credit decision-making according to the Power to 
Act as described in the Group Board Directive on Risk.
• The CEO Credit Committee is chaired by the Group CEO 
and the members of the Executive Credit Committee 
are included.
• The Executive Credit Committee is chaired by the Head 
of Group Credit Management. The Group CEO appoints 
the members of the Executive Credit Committee.
• Business Area Credit Committees: The Executive Credit 
Committee establishes credit committees for each 
 business area as required by organisational and 
 customer segmentation.
Subsidiary governance
The subsidiaries’ boards of directors are responsible for 
approving risk appetite limits and capital actions in line 
with the overarching framework set by the Group Board of 
Directors. The proposals for such items are the responsibil-
ity of the relevant subsidiary management which is sup-
ported by Group functions.
Subsidiaries must adhere to the Internal Control 
Framework of the Group including Nordea’s Risk 
Management and Compliance Risk Management 
Frameworks, unless local legal or supervisory require-
ments determine otherwise. The subsidiaries’ boards of 
directors have oversight responsibilities for management 
and control of risk and for the implementation of risk man-
agement frameworks as well as the processes associated 
with the subsidiaries’ operations. In addition, there are risk 
management functions accountable for the risk manage-
ment frameworks and processes within the subsidiaries.
The subsidiaries’ CEOs are part of the decision-making 
 process at the subsidiary level and are responsible for the 
daily operations.
1.3 Governance of risk management and compliance
Group Risk and Group Compliance constitute Nordea’s 
independent second line of defence functions. The second 
line of defence is organised to ensure that adequate 
resources are allocated to support processes and to cover 
the business organisation, legal structure and country 
dimensions. Group Risk oversees the implementation of 
the Group risk policies (excluding compliance risk) and, 
following a risk-based approach, monitors and controls 
the Risk Management Framework. Group Compliance 
oversees the implementation of the Compliance Risk 
Management Framework, which is a part of the overarch-
ing Risk Management Framework. 
The Risk Management Framework ensures consistent 
processes for identifying, assessing and measuring, 
responding to and mitigating, controlling and monitoring 
and reporting risks. This enables informed decisions on 
risk-taking. The Risk Management Framework encom-
passes all risks to which Nordea is or could be exposed, 
including ESG as drivers of existing risks, off-balance sheet 
risks and risks in a stressed situation. Detailed risk infor-
mation covering all risks is regularly reported to the Risk 
Committee, the GLT, the Board Risk Committee and the 
Group Board. In addition to this, Nordea’s compliance with 
regulatory requirements is reported to the Risk 
Committee, the GLT, the Board Risk Committee and the 
Group Board. The Group Board and the CEO in each legal 
entity regularly receive local risk reporting.
The Risk Identification and Materiality Assessment 
Process starts with identifying risks to which Nordea is or 
could be exposed. Risks are then assessed for relevance, 
classified and included in the Common Risk Taxonomy.
All risks within the Nordea Common Risk Taxonomy 
need to be classified as material or not material for risk 
management and capital purposes. Material risks are those 
assessed as having a potential material impact on Nordea’s 
current and future financial position, its customers and 
stakeholders. These risks will typically refer to a higher level 
risk within the risk taxonomy that captures a number of 
underlying risks where losses arise from a common source.
Risk appetite
The Risk Appetite Framework (RAF) supports effective 
risk management and fosters a sound risk culture by ena-
bling informed decision-making and risk-taking activities. 
Its primary objective is to ensure that all risk-taking 
remains within the boundaries of the risk appetite defined 
by the Board of Directors.
Risk appetite refers to the overall level and type of risk 
that Nordea is willing to accept, in alignment with its busi-
ness model, to achieve its strategic objectives. The Risk 
Appetite Statement articulates the Group Board-approved 
risk appetite and includes both qualitative statements and 
quantitative limits and triggers by key risk type. These ele-
ments are designed to ensure that Nordea operates with a 
prudent and sustainable risk profile.
Risk appetite processes
The Risk Appetite Framework contains all processes and 
controls to establish, monitor and communicate Nordea’s 
risk appetite:
• Risk capacity setting based on capital and liquidity posi-
tion: On an annual basis, the Group’s overall risk capacity 
is aligned with the financial and capital planning pro-
cess, based on Nordea’s risk strategy. The risk capacity is 
set in line with Nordea’s capital and liquidity position, 
including an appropriate shock-absorbing capacity. 
• Risk appetite allocation by risk type: Risk appetite 
includes risk appetite limits for the main risk types that 
Nordea is exposed to. Risk appetite triggers are also set 
for these main risk types, to act as early indicators for key 
decision-makers that the risk profile for a particular risk 
type is approaching its risk appetite limit.
• Risk limit setting: Measurable risk limits are established 
and set at an appropriate level to manage risk-taking 
effectively. Risk appetite limits are set by the Board Risk 
Committee. These form the basis for setting the risk lim-
its which are established and approved at lower deci-
sion-making levels. The RAF is calibrated to ensure con-
sistency throughout the framework. Subsidiary risk 
appetite limits must be set by the appropriate governing 
body in alignment with local regulatory requirements 
and consistent with the Group risk limits.
• Controlling and monitoring risk exposures against risk 
limits: Regular controlling and monitoring of risk expo-
sures compared to risk limits are carried out to ensure 
that risk-taking activity remains within the risk appetite.
• Risk appetite limit breach management process: Group 
Risk and Group Compliance oversee that risk appetite 
limit breaches are appropriately escalated to the Risk 
Committee and the Board Risk Committee. Group Risk 
and Group Compliance report monthly on any breaches 
of the risk appetite to the Group Board and other rele-
vant governing bodies including a follow-up on the sta-
tus of actions to be taken, until the relevant risk exposure 
is within the risk appetite. The reporting includes a con-
sistent status indicator to communicate the current risk 
exposure compared to the risk appetite limit for all risk 
types covered by the Risk Appetite Statements.

===== SIDA 279 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 278
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Embedding risk appetite in business processes
The end-to-end risk appetite process is closely aligned with 
other strategic processes, including the Internal Capital 
Adequacy Assessment Process (ICAAP), the Internal 
Liquidity Adequacy Assessment Process (ILAAP), and the 
 Group Recovery Plan.
Risk appetite is embedded within core business pro-
cesses and communicated throughout the organisation to 
support Nordea’s objective of maintaining a strong risk 
culture. This includes, but is not limited to, ensuring a clear 
connection between the assessed risk appetite and busi-
ness plans, budgets and the capital and liquidity position. 
Risk appetite is also integrated into the Group’s recovera-
bility and resolvability assessments as well as into the 
incentive structures and remuneration framework.
1.4 Disclosure requirements of the Capital 
Requirements Regulation – Capital and 
Risk Management Report 2025
Additional information on risk and capital management is 
presented in the Capital and Risk Management Report 2025, 
in accordance with the Capital Requirements Regulation.
2. Credit risk 
Credits granted within the Group must conform to the 
common principles established for the Group. Nordea 
strives to have a well-diversified credit portfolio that is 
adapted to the structure of its home markets and econo-
mies. Nordea’s loan portfolio is split by type of exposure 
classes (corporate and retail) or by sector, then further 
broken down by segment, industry and geography and 
reported monthly, quarterly and annually. 
The key principles for managing Nordea’s risk 
 exposures are:
• risk-based approach, i.e. the risk management functions 
should be aligned to the nature, size and complexity of 
Nordea’s business, ensuring that efforts undertaken are 
proportional to the risks in question 
• independence, i.e. the risk control function should be 
independent of the business it controls
• three lines of defence, as further described in the Group 
Board Directive on Internal Governance.
Group Credit Management is the first line of defence and 
is responsible for the credit process and Industry Credit 
Policies. Group Credit Risk Control is the second line of 
defence and is responsible for the credit risk framework, 
consisting of instructions and guidelines for the Group. 
Group Credit Risk Control is also responsible for con-
trolling and monitoring the quality of the credit portfolio 
and the credit process.
The basis of credit risk management at Nordea is allocat-
ing limits to customers and customer groups which are 
aggregated and assigned to units responsible for their con-
tinuous monitoring and development. In addition to the pro-
cedures for allocating customer and customer group limits, 
Nordea’s credit risk management framework also includes 
the credit risk appetite framework, which provides a com-
prehensive and risk-based portfolio perspective through rel-
evant asset quality and concentration risk measures. Each 
division/unit is primarily responsible for managing the credit 
risks in its operations within the applicable framework and 
limits, including identification, control and reporting.
Within the powers to act granted by the Board of Direc- 
tors, internal credit risk limits are approved by credit deci-
sion-making authorities on different levels of the organisa-
tion constituting the maximum risk appetite in relation to 
the customer in question. Individual credit decisions within 
the approved internal credit risk limit are taken within the 
customer responsible unit. The risk categorisation together 
with the exposure of the customer decides at what level 
the credit decision will be made. Responsibility for a credit 
risk lies with the customer responsible unit. Customers are 
classified according to risk and assigned a rating or a score 
in accordance with Nordea’s rating and scoring guidelines. 
The rating and scoring of customers aim to predict their 
probability of default and consequently rank them accord-
ing to their respective default risk. Rating and scoring are 
used as integrated parts of credit risk management and 
the credit decision-making process. Representatives from 
the first line of defence credit organisation approve the 
rating independently.
2.1 ESG-related credit risk
Some climate and environmental (C&E) risk drivers are 
assessed as a material or potentially material driver of 
(additional) credit risk. Nordea has in place a Group-wide 
taxonomy of C&E risk drivers (i.e. hazards) and a list of 
transmission channels. The C&E materiality assessment 
(MA) performed in 2025 covers various geographies, eco-
nomic sectors and portfolios using different time horizons 
(short, medium, long and very long term). Nordea pro-
vides an in-depth summary of the materiality assessment 
outcomes and identification, mitigation, management, 
capital adequacy and response to C&E risk drivers in the 
Capital and Risk Management Report.
For existing and new corporate borrowers, depending 
on the size and internal segmentation, ESG credit risk driv-
ers are investigated and any identified ESG risks are 
assessed further, either on an industry basis (inherent 
risks) or on customer level. Risks that are material to the 
borrower’s credit risk are treated as a credit risk driver and 
further integrated into the credit risk assessment. ESG-
related risks identified as material at customer level pro-
vide input to the credit risk assessment to reach conclu-
sions on the customer group’s risk level included in the 
credit memorandum. Approvals are made according to the 
established credit decision-making process. For customers 
associated with high ESG-related risk levels, decisions are 
escalated to higher-level credit committees in line with the 
Group’s Credit Governance where relevant. 
When conducting the ESG assessments related to credit 
risks, as part of the credit risk assessment, a dedicated 
process which includes identifying both a customer’s vul-
nerability and resilience towards material ESG issues is 
used. A semi-automated tool supplemented by human 
oversight is used to flag customers that require enhanced 
assessment by dedicated ESG analysts. To support these 
analyses, external databases are used to monitor perfor-
mance on specific ESG-related risks and to assess whether 
the company has been or is involved in ESG-related con-
troversies. Risks that are material to the borrower’s credit 
risk are treated as any other risk driver and further inte-
grated into the credit risk assessment. When the impact 
from ESG-related risks is so severe that it causes misalign-
ment with the rating, an ESG rating override can be 
applied. 
Climate-related transition and physical risks are 
assessed with an enhanced focus for larger customers. 
The key components of the assessment include counter-
parties’ greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions intensity 
developments, the corresponding quality of their transi-
tion planning and the resulting impact of climate-related 
transition and physical risks on customer repayment 
capacity. This analysis is aligned with the Group targets on 
financed GHG emissions reductions and transition plan 
coverage. Credit risk is also the risk type most affected by 
nature-related transition risk arising via Nordea’s lending 
activities. Overall, Nordea has low exposure to industries 
assessed as highly vulnerable to nature-related risks, with 
the highest vulnerability within primary production seg-
ments, such as agriculture. 
For certain customers, there is an enhanced focus on 
ESG risks. The process includes ensuring that sufficient 
policies and programmes are in place to reduce potential 
harmful impacts on, for example, the environment, com-
munities, health and safety issues and indigenous rights. 
Additionally, Nordea follows applicable valuation stand-
ards and regulatory requirements, which includes taking 
ESG factors into account in applying market values for col-
lateralised real estate assets, when available and relevant. 
ESG-related considerations in the credit process are fur-
ther guided by the internal Industry Credit Policies (ICPs), 
which include ESG-related exclusion criteria from expo-
sure to harmful or controversial economic activities and 
requirements on engagement and monitoring of cli-
mate-related and nature-related transition plans. 
In addition to these processes, where relevant, Nordea 
 carries out an ESG impact assessment when financing 
large infrastructure and industrial projects, as part of its 
commitment to the Equator Principles.
The overall credit risk assessment is a combined risk 
conclusion on the borrower’s repayment capacity and 
recovery position. The risk assessment conclusion must be 
sufficiently forward-looking in relation to the risk profile of 
the customer and the maturity of the transaction.
In addition to the credit risk assessment made in con-
nection with a new or changed exposure in relation to a 
customer, an annual or ongoing (i.e. business as usual) 
credit review process is in place. The review process is an 
important part of the ongoing credit assessment process.
In general, if credit weakness is identified in relation to 
a customer exposure, the customer is classified as “high 
risk” and receives special attention in terms of more fre-
quent reviews and testing the need for individual

===== SIDA 280 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 279
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
provisions. When credit events are identified, in addition to 
the ongoing monitoring, an action plan is established out-
lining how to minimise the potential credit loss. If neces-
sary, a work-out team is established to support the cus-
tomer responsible unit.
2.2 Credit risk definition and identification
Credit risk is defined as the potential for loss due to failure 
of a borrower to meet its obligations to pay a debt in 
accordance with the agreed terms and conditions. The 
potential for loss is lowered by credit risk mitigation tech-
niques. Credit risk mainly stems from various forms of 
lending as well as from issued guarantees and documen-
tary credits and includes counterparty credit risk, transfer 
risk and settlement risk.
Nordea’s loan portfolio is furthermore broken down by 
segment, industry and geography. Industry credit policies 
are established for those industries that have a significant 
weight in the portfolio and/or are either highly cyclical or 
volatile or assessed as vulnerable to climate-related risks 
or require special industry competencies.
Credit decisions are reached after a credit risk assess-
ment, based on principles that are defined consistently 
across the Group. These principles emphasise the need to 
adjust the depth and scope of the assessment according 
to the risk. The same credit risk assessments are used as 
input for determining the internal ratings. Credit decisions 
at Nordea reflect Nordea’s view of both the customer rela-
tionship and the credit risk.
2.3 Credit risk mitigation
Credit risk mitigation is an inherent part of the credit deci-
sion process. In every credit decision and review, the valu-
ation of collateral is considered as well as the adequacy of 
covenants and other risk mitigations. A fundamental credit 
risk mitigation technique used by Nordea is to obtain col-
lateral. Collateral is always required, when reasonable and 
possible, to minimise the risk of credit losses.
At Nordea, the main collateral types are residential real 
estate, commercial real estate and other physical collateral. 
Collateral coverage should generally be higher for 
Credit committee structure 
Level 1 Board of Directors/Board Risk Committee
Level 2 Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Credit Committee/Executive Credit Committee
Level 3
Leveraged 
Buyout and 
Mergers and 
Acquisitions  
Credit  
Committee
Real Estate  
Management  
Industry and  
Construction  
Credit  
Committee
 Corporate 
Large  
Corporations 
and Institutions  
Credit  
Committee
Corporate  
Business  
Banking  
Credit  
Committee
 Int. Banks  
Countries, and 
Financial  
Institutions 
Credit  
Committee
Shipping and 
Offshore  
Credit  
Committee
Nordic  
Household  
Credit  
Committee
Level 4 Six eyes decisions (rated customers) Four eyes decisions (scored customers) – two senior  
decision-makers from Group Credit Management
Level 5 Four eyes decisions
Level 6 Personal powers to act
exposures of financially weaker customers than for those 
who are financially strong.
Independently of the strength of the collateral position, 
the repayment capacity is the starting point for the credit 
assessment and the assignment of credit limits. Regarding 
large exposures, syndication of loans is the primary tool 
for managing concentration risk, while credit risk mitiga-
tion using credit default swaps is applied to a limited 
extent. Covenants included in credit agreements are com-
plementary to collateral protection.
Most exposures of substantial size and complexity include 
appropriate covenants. Covenants provide early warning 
signs that enable Nordea to detect, and react on, a deterio-
ration in the borrower’s credit quality or overall perfor-
mance. Covenant breaches allow Nordea to cancel the credit 
facility and demand repayment of the outstanding credits.
The collateral value should always be based on the 
market value. The market value is defined as the estimated 
amount for which the asset or liability could be exchanged 
on the date of valuation between a willing buyer and a 
willing seller in an arm’s length transaction, after proper 
marketing and where the parties had each acted knowl-
edgeably, prudently and without compulsion. From this 
market value, a haircut is applied. The haircut is defined as 
a percentage by which the asset’s market value is reduced 
ensuring a margin against loss. The haircut should reflect 
the volatility of the market value of the asset, liquidity and 
cost of liquidation. A minimum haircut is set for each col-
lateral type. In addition to the haircut, potential high-
er-ranking claims are also deducted from the market value 
when calculating the maximum collateral value.
The same principles of calculation must be used for 
all exposures.
2.4 Exposures, allowances and provisions 
The maximum exposure to credit risk includes the carrying 
amount of loans and interest-bearing securities, accounted 
for at amortised cost and fair value, the counterparty credit 
risk in derivatives (see also section 3 ”Counterparty credit 
risk”) and nominal amounts of off-balance sheet commit-
ments before loan loss allowances/provisions. The maxi-
mum exposure to credit risk amounted to EUR 606bn at 
the end of the year (EUR 572bn). See Note 3.3. 
”Classification and measurement” for relevant accounting 
policies. 
Nordea’s loans to the public increased by 6.8% to EUR 
382bn during 2025 (EUR 358bn). The corporate portfolios 
increased by approximately 12.7%, while the household 
portfolios increased by 1.8%. The overall credit quality is 
solid with strongly rated customers, and with the macroe-
conomic outlook improving during the year. However, close 
monitoring is performed due to uncertain macroeconomic 
developments and geopolitical changes. Of the lending to 
the public portfolio, corporate customers accounted for 
49.5% (46.9%), household customers for 49.5% (51.9%) and 
the public sector for 1.0% (1.2%). Loans to central banks 
and credit institutions, mainly in the form of interbank 
deposits, increased to EUR 11bn at the end of 2025 (EUR 
7bn).
Credit-impaired loans held at amortised cost increased to 
EUR 3,135m (EUR 2,945m). The increase was mainly related 
to the household portfolios and to a lesser degree to the 
corporate porfolios. Credit-impaired loans for the household 
portfolios increased by 9% and EUR 123m and amounted to 
EUR 1,434m (EUR 1,311m). For the corporate portfolios, 
credit-impaired loans increased by 4% or EUR 62m and 
amounted to EUR 1,676m (EUR 1,614m). The largest 
increases were in the Consumer discretionary and services 
portfolio which increased by EUR 133m, driven by the 
Media and entertainment, Housing loans which increased 
by EUR 115m and Industrials which increased by EUR 86m, 
driven by Commercial and professional services. This was 
partly offset by minor reductions totalling EUR 130m in the 
Financial institutions, Maritime and Real estate portfolios.
Net loan losses and similar net result for 2025 
amounted to EUR 22m (EUR 206m), corresponding to an 
annual net loan loss ratio, including fair value mortgage 
loans, of 1bp (6bp). Individually calculated loan losses 
amounted to EUR 246m and were driven by lower than 
average provisions mainly for small and medium-sized 
companies, elevated write-offs and limited reversals. 
Moreover, model releases amounted to EUR 71m, mainly 
related to stage 2 and stage 3 exposures. Finally, manage-
ment judgement allowances were reduced by EUR 138m 
during the year to EUR 276m by the end of 2025, driven by 
decreased uncertainty and lower credit risk due to lower 
interest rates and inflation. The management judgement

===== SIDA 281 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 280
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
allowances remain at a substantial level to address risks 
relating to the unstable geopolitical and macroeconomic 
environment. 
Total allowances were EUR 1,534m, down from  
EUR 1,800m in 2024. The allowances in relation to credit- 
impaired loans decreased from 36% to 31% with the 
 corporate coverage ratio decreasing from 47% to 40% and 
the household coverage ratio from 23% to 21% in line with 
the updated assessment of the credit risk outlook for cor-
porate and retail portfolios and Nordea’s sustained resil-
ient credit quality.
Stage 2 loans at amortised cost in the Group decreased to 
EUR 14,316m (EUR 16,366m). The decrease was mainly due 
to the improved economic environment and positive port-
folio migration particularly in the second half of 2025, 
affecting both the household and corporate portfolios. The 
stage 2 coverage ratio decreased to 1.9% (2.2%).
Forbearance is eased terms or restructuring due to the 
borrower experiencing or about to experience financial dif-
ficulties. The intention of granting forbearance for a limited 
time period is to help the customer return to a sustainable 
financial situation ensuring full repayment of the outstand-
ing debt. Examples of forbearance are changes in amorti-
sation profile, repayment schedule, customer margin as 
well as easing of covenants. Forbearance is undertaken on 
a selective and individual basis followed by impairment 
testing. Forborne loans increased by EUR 326m during the 
year, with the household portfolios increasing by EUR 
569m and the corporate portfolios decreasing by EUR 
243m. The forbearance coverage ratio decreased from 15% 
to 14%.
Maximum exposure to credit risk
31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
EURm Note
Amortised cost and 
fair value through 
other comprehensive 
income
Financial assets at 
fair value through 
profit or loss 
Amortised cost and 
fair value through 
other comprehensive 
income
Financial assets at 
fair value through 
profit or loss 
Loans to central banks and credit 
institutions G3.8 7,819 3,171 5,059 1,976
Loans to the public G3.8 294,061 89,179 277,799 81,384
Interest-bearing securities G3.9 48,703 31,171 41,284 32,182
Derivatives G3.12 – 17,633 – 25,211
Off-balance sheet items, nominal amounts G7.1, G7.2 114,321 234 107,036 249
Total 464,904 141,388 431,178 141,002
Collateral distribution
31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Financial collateral 0.9% 0.6%
Receivables 0.9% 0.9%
Residential real estate 74.8% 76.6%
Commercial real estate 17.1% 16.8%
Other physical collateral 6.3% 5.1%
Total 100.0% 100.0%
Allowances for credit risk
EURm Note 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Loans to central banks and credit 
institutions G3.8 5 10
Loans to the public G3.8 1,369 1,595
Interest-bearing securities 
measured at fair value through 
other compre hensive income or 
amortised cost G3.9 2 2
Off-balance sheet items G6 158 193
Total 1,534 1,800
Assets taken over for protection of claims 1
EURm 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Current assets, carrying amount:
Land and buildings 2 3
Shares and other participations 2 2
Other assets 2 4
Total 6 9
1)  In accordance with Nordea’s policy for taking over assets for protection of claims, 
which is in compliance with the local banking business acts wherever Nordea is 
located. Assets used as collateral for the loan are generally taken over when the 
customer is not able to fulfil its obligations to Nordea. The assets taken over are 
disposed at the latest when full recovery is reached.
Loan-to-value 1
31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Retail mortgage exposure EURbn % EURbn %
<50% 133.9 83 128.4 83
50–70% 20.8 13 19.5 13
71–80% 4.4 2 4.0 2
81–90% 1.4 1 1.2 1
>90% 1.2 1 1.2 1
Total 161.7 100 154.3 100
1)  The amounts and percentages in the table include the relevant part of a loan,  
not the total loan. Excludes loans under the standardised approach in the CRR, 
primarily related to loans acquired from Danske Bank in 2024.
Forbearance
EURm 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Forborne loans 3,350 3,024
- of which defaulted 1,329 1,209
Allowances for individually assessed  
credit-impaired and forborne loans 460 465
- of which defaulted 418 412
 
Key ratios 31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Forbearance ratio1 1.1% 1.1%
Forbearance coverage ratio2 14% 15%
- of which defaulted 31% 34%
1) Forborne loans/Loans held at amortised cost before allowances. 
2) Individual allowances on forborne loans/Forborne loans.
Loans to corporate customers, by size of loans
31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
Size in EURm Loans EURbn % Loans EURbn %
0–10 67.0 35 65.1 39
11–50 45.1 24 40.8 24
51–100 25.6 14 24.4 15
101–250 34.7 18 24.8 15
251–500 10.7 6 7.2 4
501– 6.0 3 5.4 3
Total 189.1 100 167.7 100
Credit-impaired loans and ratios
2025 2024
Gross credit-impaired loans,  
amortised cost, EURm 3,135 2,945
- of which servicing 1,228 1,133
- of which non-servicing 1,907 1,812
Impairment ratio (stage 3), gross, bp 104 104
Impairment ratio (stage 3), net, bp 72 66
Allowances in relation to loans, 
stages 1 and 2, bp 13 19
Total allowance ratio (stages 1, 2 and 3), bp 46 57
Allowances in relation to credit-impaired 
loans (stage 3), % 31 36
Past due loans
31 Dec 2025 31 Dec 2024
EURm
Corporate 
customers
Household 
customers
Corporate 
customers
Household 
customers
6–30 days 358 570 338 752
31–60 days 108 232 83 274
61–90 days 25 97 38 115
>90 days 289 757 413 784
Total 780 1,656 872 1,925
Past due (incl. 
impaired) loans 
divided by loans  
to the  public after  
allowances, % 0.4 0.9 0.5 1.0

===== SIDA 282 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 281
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Net loan losses and loan loss ratios
2025 2024
Net loan losses, EURm 21 198
Net loan loss ratio, amortised cost, Group, bp 1 7
- of which stage 3 7 9
- of which stages 1 and 2 -6 -2
Net loan loss ratio, including fair value mortgage loans, Group, bp1 1 6
Net loan loss ratio, including fair value mortgage loans, Personal Banking, bp 1 5
Net loan loss ratio, including fair value mortgage loans, Business Banking, bp 0 14
Net loan loss ratio, including fair value mortgage loans, Large Corporates & Institutions, bp -1 -2
1)  Net loan losses and net result on loans in hold portfolios mandatorily held at fair value divided by total lending at amortised cost and at fair value, bp.
Loans to the public measured at amortised cost and fair value
31 Dec 2025, EURm Denmark Finland Norway Sweden Other Total 
Financial institutions 2,956 2,191 835 12,184 988 19,154
Agriculture 4,621 312 3,310 282 5 8,530
  Crops, plantations and hunting 2,791 158 37 149 5 3,140
 Animal husbandry 1,787 150 31 58 0 2,026
 Fishing and aquaculture 43 4 3,242 75 0 3,364
Natural resources 349 1,066 608 660 77 2,760
 Paper and forest products 249 693 274 510 77 1,803
  Mining and supporting activities 14 365 92 149 0 620
 Oil, gas and offshore 86 8 242 1 0 337
Consumer staples 3,094 856 994 1,895 48 6,887
  Food processing and beverages 367 264 658 631 0 1,920
  Household and personal products 276 102 130 447 1 956
 Healthcare 2,451 490 206 817 47 4,011
Consumer discretionary and services 2,560 2,255 2,447 4,849 23 12,134
 Consumer durables 161 272 248 1,883 22 2,586
 Media and entertainment 493 329 118 733 0 1,673
 Retail trade 873 1,307 912 1,602 1 4,695
 Air transportation 291 13 34 53 0 391
 Accommodation and leisure 684 245 598 380 0 1,907
 Telecommunication services 58 89 537 198 0 882
Loans to the public measured at amortised cost and fair value, cont.
31 Dec 2025, EURm Denmark Finland Norway Sweden Other Total 
Industrials 8,072 6,698 9,388 10,572 202 34,932
 Materials 862 681 269 523 38 2,373
 Capital goods 669 1,655 242 1,798 41 4,405
  Commercial and professional services 2,500 1,020 2,049 2,246 95 7,910
 Construction 1,178 986 3,983 1,966 0 8,113
 Wholesale trade 1,669 1,003 1,010 2,199 7 5,888
 Land transportation 515 790 547 995 17 2,864
 IT services 679 563 1,288 845 4 3,379
Maritime 372 169 3,985 56 81 4,663
 Shipbuilding 0 15 30 0 0 45
 Shipping 26 71 3,836 38 81 4,052
 Maritime services 346 83 119 18 0 566
Utilities and public service 2,481 3,035 1,885 1,391 1 8,793
 Utilities distribution 1,877 1,191 1,125 1,034 0 5,227
 Power production 188 1,549 565 170 1 2,473
 Public services 416 295 195 187 0 1,093
Real estate 10,488 9,892 9,338 22,977 0 52,695
 Commercial real estate 4,907 5,287 8,047 11,740 0 29,981
 Residential real estate companies 2,757 1,086 571 3,221 0 7,635
  Tenant-owned associations 2,824 3,519 720 8,016 0 15,079
Other industries 341 7 70 54 1,924 2,396
Total corporate 35,334 26,481 32,860 54,920 3,349 152,944
Housing loans 38,764 33,191 41,969 56,956 0 170,880
Collateralised lending 3,285 6,093 1,900 2,100 0 13,378
Non-collateralised lending 669 1,958 322 1,918 0 4,867
Household 42,718 41,242 44,191 60,974 0 189,125
Public sector 624 832 228 1,992 3 3,679
Reverse repurchase agreements 0 36,123 0 0 0 36,123
Loans to the public by country 78,676 104,678 77,279 117,886 3,352 381,871
 Of which loans at fair value 52,997 36,182 0 0 0 89,179

===== SIDA 283 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 282
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Loans to the public measured at amortised cost and fair value
31 Dec 2024, EURm Denmark Finland Norway Sweden Other Total 
Financial institutions 2,964 1,899 825 9,343 980 16,011
Agriculture 4,454 347 2,996 216 4 8,017
  Crops, plantations and hunting 2,677 174 103 130 4 3,088
 Animal husbandry 1,743 169 142 53 0 2,107
 Fishing and aquaculture 34 4 2,751 33 0 2,822
Natural resources 171 1,106 736 453 91 2,557
 Paper and forest products 147 797 286 394 91 1,715
  Mining and supporting activities 15 299 90 58 0 462
 Oil, gas and offshore 9 10 360 1 0 380
Consumer staples 3,427 824 1,187 1,956 55 7,449
  Food processing and beverages 282 286 858 509 8 1,943
  Household and personal products 213 96 131 415 2 857
 Healthcare 2,932 442 198 1,032 45 4,649
Consumer discretionary and services 2,323 2,191 2,724 4,720 24 11,982
 Consumer durables 158 319 249 1,869 23 2,618
 Media and entertainment 491 348 144 735 0 1,718
 Retail trade 730 1,160 1,164 1,435 0 4,489
 Air transportation 253 15 30 42 0 340
 Accommodation and leisure 626 276 626 371 0 1,899
 Telecommunication services 65 73 511 268 1 918
Industrials 6,781 6,484 8,682 9,065 342 31,354
 Materials 676 576 280 585 50 2,167
 Capital goods 665 1,555 192 1,308 49 3,769
  Commercial and professional services 1,957 772 2,049 1,684 203 6,665
 Construction 1,024 1,161 3,683 1,857 0 7,725
 Wholesale trade 1,739 1,073 1,009 2,160 23 6,004
 Land transportation 270 728 689 781 15 2,483
 IT services 450 619 780 690 2 2,541
Maritime 230 180 4,197 57 155 4,819
 Shipbuilding 0 15 118 0 0 133
 Shipping 31 71 3,907 35 155 4,199
 Maritime services 199 94 172 22 0 487
Loans to the public measured at amortised cost and fair value, cont.
31 Dec 2024, EURm Denmark Finland Norway Sweden Other Total 
Utilities and public service 2,008 2,880 1,902 1,149 0 7,939
 Utilities distribution 1,502 1,252 1,094 763 0 4,611
 Power production 124 1,331 596 213 0 2,264
 Public services 382 297 212 173 0 1,064
Real estate 9,365 9,173 8,950 19,273 0 46,761
 Commercial real estate 4,092 4,902 7,677 9,143 0 25,814
 Residential real estate companies 2,499 902 462 2,726 0 6,589
  Tenant-owned associations 2,774 3,369 811 7,404 0 14,358
Other industries 294 0 41 47 1,792 2,174
Total corporate 32,017 25,084 32,240 46,279 3,443 139,063
Housing loans 41,174 33,261 41,563 51,420 0 167,418
Collateralised lending 3,719 5,985 1,676 2,018 0 13,398
Non-collateralised lending 746 2,094 352 1,769 0 4,961
Household 45,639 41,340 43,591 55,207 0 185,777
Public sector 676 706 82 2,652 3 4,119
Reverse repurchase agreements 0 28,629 0 0 0 28,629
Loans to the public by country 78,332 95,759 75,913 104,138 3,446 357,588
 Of which loans at fair value 52,696 28,688 0 0 0 81,384

===== SIDA 284 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 283
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Loans measured at amortised cost, broken down by sector and industry
Gross Allowances
Loans 
carrying 
amount31 Dec 2025, EURm Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Net loan 
losses1
Financial institutions 18,413 323 20 6 10 13 18,727 21
Agriculture 4,525 175 68 6 6 27 4,729 11
  Crops, plantations and hunting 695 82 35 1 5 13 793 3
 Animal husbandry 507 56 30 1 1 14 577 9
 Fishing and aquaculture 3,323 37 3 4 0 0 3,359 -1
Natural resources 2,246 303 25 2 3 11 2,558 3
 Paper and forest products 1,406 272 20 1 2 10 1,685 -1
  Mining and supporting activities 584 30 4 1 0 1 616 1
 Oil, gas and offshore 256 1 1 0 1 0 257 3
Consumer staples 5,814 308 26 4 9 10 6,125 6
  Food processing and beverages 1,744 142 14 2 5 5 1,888 2
  Household and personal products 734 37 4 0 1 3 771 1
 Healthcare 3,336 129 8 2 3 2 3,466 3
Consumer discretionary and services 9,233 882 603 6 25 241 10,446 -8
 Consumer durables 2,178 309 84 1 4 41 2,525 5
 Media and entertainment 1,108 144 155 1 6 24 1,376 6
 Retail trade 3,774 333 301 3 12 149 4,244 -19
 Air transportation 188 1 3 0 0 1 191 1
 Accommodation and leisure 1,161 91 59 1 3 26 1,281 -3
 Telecommunication services 824 4 1 0 0 0 829 2
Industrials 28,535 3,388 686 25 105 266 32,213 -35
 Materials 1,961 329 72 2 13 14 2,333 -4
 Capital goods 3,706 620 44 3 19 18 4,330 -2
  Commercial and professional 
services 5,970 551 126 6 16 48 6,577 -22
 Construction 6,580 776 190 7 17 93 7,429 11
 Wholesale trade 4,898 743 132 2 31 53 5,687 -11
 Land transportation 2,617 153 44 2 4 19 2,789 -2
 IT services 2,803 216 78 3 5 21 3,068 -5
Maritime 4,497 53 2 2 1 0 4,549 5
 Shipbuilding 34 11 0 0 0 0 45 2
 Shipping 4,000 28 1 2 0 0 4,027 3
 Maritime services 463 14 1 0 1 0 477 0
Loans measured at amortised cost, broken down by sector and industry, cont.
Gross Allowances
Loans 
carrying 
amount31 Dec 2025, EURm Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Net loan 
losses1
Utilities and public service 7,312 186 93 4 4 31 7,552 0
 Utilities distribution 4,207 113 86 2 2 28 4,374 -4
 Power production 2,429 11 1 1 0 0 2,440 3
 Public services 676 62 6 1 2 3 738 1
Real estate 41,590 1,472 149 13 13 66 43,119 0
Other industries 2,217 117 4 1 0 0 2,337 2
Total corporate 124,382 7,207 1,676 69 176 665 132,355 5
Housing loans 132,451 5,342 832 29 51 132 138,413 -11
Collateralised lending 12,168 1,002 354 15 20 112 13,377 -18
Non-collateralised lending 4,027 691 248 6 28 64 4,868 4
Household 148,646 7,035 1,434 50 99 308 156,658 -25
Public sector 3,603 56 22 1 0 1 3,679 -1
Loans to the public 276,631 14,298 3,132 120 275 974 292,692 -21
Loans to credit institutions  
and central banks 7,798 18 3 2 0 3 7,814 0
Total 284,429 14,316 3,135 122 275 977 300,506 -21
1) The table shows net loan losses related to on- and off-balance sheet exposures for the full year 2025.

===== SIDA 285 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 284
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Loans measured at amortised cost, broken down by sector and industry
Gross Allowances
Loans 
carrying 
amount31 Dec 2024, EURm Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Net loan 
losses1
Financial institutions 14,941 534 59 7 16 30 15,481 -9
Agriculture 4,304 238 76 6 15 31 4,566 -7
  Crops, plantations and hunting 900 105 24 2 11 9 1,007 -11
 Animal husbandry 632 85 50 1 3 22 741 5
 Fishing and aquaculture 2,772 48 2 3 1 0 2,818 -1
Natural resources 2,173 292 23 3 4 10 2,471 -8
 Paper and forest products 1,371 259 18 1 3 9 1,635 -5
  Mining and supporting activities 427 29 4 1 1 1 457 0
 Oil, gas and offshore 375 4 1 1 0 0 379 -3
Consumer staples 6,612 333 24 9 8 13 6,939 18
  Food processing and beverages 1,722 201 10 3 4 6 1,920 11
  Household and personal products 697 39 8 1 1 4 738 1
 Healthcare 4,193 93 6 5 3 3 4,281 6
Consumer discretionary and services 9,353 1,090 470 12 36 226 10,639 -29
 Consumer durables 2,227 312 89 2 5 51 2,570 -7
 Media and entertainment 1,285 191 58 2 3 31 1,498 -6
 Retail trade 3,587 458 265 6 23 116 4,165 -17
 Air transportation 199 8 5 0 0 2 210 -1
 Accommodation and leisure 1,202 117 47 2 4 21 1,339 3
 Telecommunication services 853 4 6 0 1 5 857 -1
Industrials 25,620 3,661 600 36 100 292 29,453 -78
 Materials 1,865 219 78 3 5 22 2,132 -12
 Capital goods 3,085 618 31 4 15 17 3,698 6
  Commercial and professional 
services 5,137 607 54 4 12 26 5,756 -22
 Construction 6,237 946 204 12 29 95 7,251 -23
 Wholesale trade 4,955 846 119 6 27 56 5,831 -25
 Land transportation 2,216 189 28 4 6 14 2,409 9
 IT services 2,125 236 86 3 6 62 2,376 -11
Maritime 4,552 156 51 0 1 31 4,727 12
 Shipbuilding 7 128 0 0 1 0 134 -1
 Shipping 4,165 14 51 0 0 31 4,199 13
 Maritime services 380 14 0 0 0 0 394 0
Loans measured at amortised cost, broken down by sector and industry, cont.
Gross Allowances
Loans 
carrying 
amount31 Dec 2024, EURm Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Net loan 
losses1
Utilities and public service 6,567 147 108 5 3 63 6,751 -56
 Utilities distribution 3,634 75 104 2 1 61 3,749 -57
 Power production 2,222 15 2 1 0 0 2,238 -1
 Public services 711 57 2 2 2 2 764 2
Real estate 36,395 1,811 191 19 20 59 38,299 35
Other industries 1,899 149 12 2 0 2 2,056 1
Total corporate 112,416 8,411 1,614 99 203 757 121,382 -121
Housing loans 125,917 5,955 717 32 74 139 132,344 -24
Collateralised lending 12,030 1,142 365 23 30 86 13,398 -12
Non-collateralised lending 4,047 835 229 19 50 81 4,961 -40
Household 141,994 7,932 1,311 74 154 306 150,703 -76
Public sector 4,087 14 20 1 0 1 4,119 -1
Loans to the public 258,497 16,357 2,945 174 357 1,064 276,204 -198
Loans to credit institutions  
and central banks 5,050 9 0 5 0 5 5,049 0
Total 263,547 16,366 2,945 179 357 1,069 281,253 -198
1) The table shows net loan losses related to on- and off-balance sheet exposures for the full year 2024.

===== SIDA 286 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 285
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Credit-impaired loans (stage 3) to the public by country and industry (including loans at fair value)
31 Dec 2025, EURm Denmark Finland Norway Sweden Total 
Financial institutions 10 1 3 6 20
Agriculture 130 34 2 0 166
  Crops, plantations and hunting 82 18 1 0 101
 Animal husbandry 48 15 0 0 63
 Fishing and aquaculture 0 1 1 0 2
Natural resources 5 14 6 1 26
 Paper and forest products 5 14 2 1 22
  Mining and supporting activities 0 0 4 0 4
 Oil, gas and offshore 0 0 0 0 0
Consumer staples 9 11 9 3 32
  Food processing and beverages 2 5 8 0 15
  Household and personal products 4 3 0 0 7
 Healthcare 3 3 1 3 10
Consumer discretionary and services 193 171 26 230 620
 Consumer durables 3 46 8 28 85
 Media and entertainment 5 23 1 130 159
 Retail trade 180 78 14 40 312
 Air transportation 0 0 2 1 3
 Accommodation and leisure 5 24 1 30 60
 Telecommunication services 0 0 0 1 1
Industrials 162 174 189 206 731
 Materials 14 8 6 45 73
 Capital goods 16 25 1 5 47
  Commercial and professional services 68 18 29 26 141
 Construction 23 64 93 25 205
 Wholesale trade 34 18 51 35 138
 Land transportation 4 27 5 11 47
 IT services 3 14 4 59 80
Maritime 0 2 0 0 2
 Shipbuilding 0 0 0 0 0
 Shipping 0 1 0 0 1
 Maritime services 0 1 0 0 1
Credit-impaired loans (stage 3) to the public by country and industry (including loans at fair value), cont.
31 Dec 2025, EURm Denmark Finland Norway Sweden Total 
Utilities and public service 72 7 0 18 97
 Utilities distribution 64 6 0 16 86
 Power production 0 1 0 0 1
 Public services 8 0 0 2 10
Real estate 28 108 28 10 174
Other industries 3 0 0 1 4
Total corporate 612 522 263 475 1,872
Housing loans 321 506 186 102 1,115
Collateralised lending 75 184 85 10 354
Non-collateralised lending 26 135 12 75 248
Household 422 825 283 187 1,717
Public sector 22 0 0 0 22
Total impaired loans 1,056 1,347 546 662 3,611
 of which fair value 479 0 0 0 479

===== SIDA 287 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 286
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Credit-impaired loans (stage 3) to the public by country and industry (including loans at fair value)
31 Dec 2024, EURm Denmark Finland Norway Sweden Total 
Financial institutions 50 3 5 2 60
Agriculture 146 24 14 1 185
  Crops, plantations and hunting 64 7 5 1 77
 Animal husbandry 80 17 9 0 106
 Fishing and aquaculture 2 0 0 0 2
Natural resources 7 9 7 0 23
 Paper and forest products 7 8 4 0 19
  Mining and supporting activities 0 1 3 0 4
 Oil, gas and offshore 0 0 0 0 0
Consumer staples 4 13 6 3 26
  Food processing and beverages 1 7 1 1 10
  Household and personal products 1 5 3 0 9
 Healthcare 2 1 2 2 7
Consumer discretionary and services 146 142 30 165 483
 Consumer durables 3 50 2 34 89
 Media and entertainment 4 19 1 35 59
 Retail trade 131 50 24 68 273
 Air transportation 0 2 2 1 5
 Accommodation and leisure 8 21 1 20 50
 Telecommunication services 0 0 0 7 7
Industrials 134 174 170 146 624
 Materials 59 5 8 6 78
 Capital goods 7 23 1 3 34
  Commercial and professional services 15 16 21 9 61
 Construction 14 89 83 25 211
 Wholesale trade 33 15 46 28 122
 Land transportation 3 13 5 9 30
 IT services 3 13 6 66 88
Maritime 0 0 51 0 51
 Shipbuilding 0 0 0 0 0
 Shipping 0 0 51 0 51
 Maritime services 0 0 0 0 0
Credit-impaired loans (stage 3) to the public by country and industry (including loans at fair value), cont.
31 Dec 2024, EURm Denmark Finland Norway Sweden Total 
Utilities and public service 99 8 1 1 109
 Utilities distribution 99 5 0 0 104
 Power production 0 2 0 0 2
 Public services 0 1 1 1 3
Real estate 26 123 49 13 211
Other industries 5 0 7 0 12
Total corporate 617 496 340 331 1,784
Housing loans 352 439 148 98 1,037
Collateralised lending 83 180 82 20 365
Non-collateralised lending 24 130 10 64 228
Household 459 749 240 182 1,630
Public sector 21 0 0 0 21
Total impaired loans 1,097 1,245 580 513 3,435
 of which fair value 490 0 0 0 490

===== SIDA 288 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 287
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Loans to the public measured at amortised cost
31 Dec 2025, EURm
Net 
loan 
losses1
Net loan 
loss  
ratio, bp
Impaired 
loans 
(stage 3)
Impairment 
ratio, bp
Allowances 
total
Allowances 
(stage 1)
Allowances 
(stage 2)
Allowances 
(stage 3)
Coverage 
ratio, %2
Loans 
measured 
at 
amortised 
cost
Financial institutions 21 11 20 11 29 6 10 13 65 18,727
Agriculture 11 23 68 143 39 6 6 27 40 4,729
  Crops, plantations and 
hunting 3 38 35 431 19 1 5 13 37 793
 Animal husbandry 9 156 30 506 16 1 1 14 47 577
  Fishing and 
aquaculture -1 -3 3 9 4 4 0 0 0 3,359
Natural resources 3 12 25 97 16 2 3 11 44 2,558
  Paper and forest 
products -1 -6 20 118 13 1 2 10 50 1,685
  Mining and 
supporting activities 1 16 4 65 2 1 0 1 25 616
 Oil, gas and offshore 3 117 1 39 1 0 1 0 0 257
Consumer staples 6 10 26 42 23 4 9 10 38 6,125
  Food processing and 
beverages 2 11 14 74 12 2 5 5 36 1,888
  Household and 
personal products 1 13 4 52 4 0 1 3 75 771
 Healthcare 3 9 8 23 7 2 3 2 25 3,466
Consumer discretionary  
and services -8 -8 603 563 272 6 25 241 40 10,446
 Consumer durables 5 20 84 327 46 1 4 41 49 2,525
  Media and 
entertainment 6 44 155 1,102 31 1 6 24 15 1,376
 Retail trade -19 -45 301 683 164 3 12 149 50 4,244
 Air transportation 1 52 3 156 1 0 0 1 33 191
  Accommodation and 
leisure -3 -23 59 450 30 1 3 26 44 1,281
  Telecommunication 
services 2 24 1 12 0 0 0 0 0 829
Loans to the public measured at amortised cost, cont.
31 Dec 2025, EURm
Net 
loan 
losses1
Net loan 
loss  
ratio, bp
Impaired 
loans 
(stage 3)
Impairment 
ratio, bp
Allowances 
total
Allowances 
(stage 1)
Allowances 
(stage 2)
Allowances 
(stage 3)
Coverage 
ratio, %2
Loans 
measured 
at 
amortised 
cost
Industrials -35 -11 686 210 396 25 105 266 39 32,213
 Materials -4 -17 72 305 29 2 13 14 19 2,333
 Capital goods -2 -5 44 101 40 3 19 18 41 4,330
  Commercial and 
professional services -22 -33 126 190 70 6 16 48 38 6,577
 Construction 11 15 190 252 117 7 17 93 49 7,429
 Wholesale trade -11 -19 132 229 86 2 31 53 40 5,687
 Land transportation -2 -7 44 156 25 2 4 19 43 2,789
 IT services -5 -16 78 252 29 3 5 21 27 3,068
Maritime 5 11 2 4 3 2 1 0 0 4,549
 Shipbuilding 2 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45
 Shipping 3 7 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 4,027
 Maritime services 0 0 1 21 1 0 1 0 0 477
Utilities and public 
service 0 0 93 123 39 4 4 31 33 7,552
 Utilities distribution -4 -9 86 195 32 2 2 28 33 4,374
 Power production 3 12 1 4 1 1 0 0 0 2,440
 Public services 1 14 6 81 6 1 2 3 50 738
Real estate 0 0 149 34 92 13 13 66 44 43,119
Other industries 2 9 4 17 1 1 0 0 0 2,337
Total corporate 5 0 1,676 126 910 69 176 665 40 132,355
Housing loans -11 -1 832 60 212 29 51 132 16 138,413
Collateralised lending -18 -13 354 262 147 15 20 112 32 13,377
Non-collateralised 
lending 4 8 248 499 98 6 28 64 26 4,868
Household -25 -2 1,434 91 457 50 99 308 21 156,658
Public sector -1 -3 22 60 2 1 0 1 5 3,679
Loans to the public -21 -1 3,132 107 1,369 120 275 974 31 292,692
1) Including provisions for off-balance sheet exposures.
2) Allowances for stage 3 divided by exposures in stage 3.

===== SIDA 289 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 288
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Loans to the public measured at amortised cost
31 Dec 2024, EURm
Net 
loan 
losses1
Net loan 
loss  
ratio, bp
Impaired 
loans 
(stage 3)
Impairment 
ratio, bp
Allowances 
total
Allowances 
(stage 1)
Allowances 
(stage 2)
Allowances 
(stage 3)
Coverage 
ratio, %2
Loans 
measured 
at 
amortised 
cost
Financial institutions -9 -6 59 38 53 7 16 30 51 15,481
Agriculture -7 -15 76 165 52 6 15 31 41 4,566
  Crops, plantations and 
hunting -11 -109 24 233 22 2 11 9 38 1,007
 Animal husbandry 5 67 50 652 26 1 3 22 44 741
  Fishing and 
aquaculture -1 -4 2 7 4 3 1 0 0 2,818
Natural resources -8 -32 23 92 17 3 4 10 43 2,471
  Paper and forest 
products -5 -31 18 109 13 1 3 9 50 1,635
  Mining and 
supporting activities 0 0 4 87 3 1 1 1 25 457
 Oil, gas and offshore -3 -79 1 26 1 1 0 0 0 379
Consumer staples 18 26 24 34 30 9 8 13 54 6,939
  Food processing and 
beverages 11 57 10 52 13 3 4 6 60 1,920
  Household and 
personal products 1 14 8 108 6 1 1 4 50 738
 Healthcare 6 14 6 14 11 5 3 3 50 4,281
Consumer discretionary  
and services -29 -27 470 431 274 12 36 226 48 10,639
 Consumer durables -7 -27 89 339 58 2 5 51 57 2,570
  Media and 
entertainment -6 -40 58 378 36 2 3 31 53 1,498
 Retail trade -17 -41 265 615 145 6 23 116 44 4,165
 Air transportation -1 -48 5 236 2 0 0 2 40 210
  Accommodation and 
leisure 3 22 47 344 27 2 4 21 45 1,339
  Telecommunication 
services -1 -12 6 70 6 0 1 5 83 857
Loans to the public measured at amortised cost, cont.
31 Dec 2024, EURm
Net 
loan 
losses1
Net loan 
loss  
ratio, bp
Impaired 
loans 
(stage 3)
Impairment 
ratio, bp
Allowances 
total
Allowances 
(stage 1)
Allowances 
(stage 2)
Allowances 
(stage 3)
Coverage 
ratio, %2
Loans 
measured 
at 
amortised 
cost
Industrials -78 -26 600 201 428 36 100 292 49 29,453
 Materials -12 -56 78 361 30 3 5 22 28 2,132
 Capital goods 6 16 31 83 36 4 15 17 55 3,698
  Commercial and 
professional services -22 -38 54 93 42 4 12 26 48 5,756
 Construction -23 -32 204 276 136 12 29 95 47 7,251
 Wholesale trade -25 -43 119 201 89 6 27 56 47 5,831
 Land transportation 9 37 28 115 24 4 6 14 50 2,409
 IT services -11 -46 86 351 71 3 6 62 72 2,376
Maritime 12 25 51 107 32 0 1 31 61 4,727
 Shipbuilding -1 -75 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 134
 Shipping 13 31 51 121 31 0 0 31 61 4,199
 Maritime services 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 394
Utilities and public 
service -56 -83 108 158 71 5 3 63 58 6,751
 Utilities distribution -57 -152 104 273 64 2 1 61 59 3,749
 Power production -1 -4 2 9 1 1 0 0 0 2,238
 Public services 2 26 2 26 6 2 2 2 100 764
Real estate 35 9 191 50 98 19 20 59 31 38,299
Other industries 1 5 12 58 4 2 0 2 17 2,056
Total corporate -121 -10 1,614 132 1,059 99 203 757 47 121,382
Housing loans -24 -2 717 54 245 32 74 139 19 132,344
Collateralised lending -12 -9 365 270 139 23 30 86 24 13,398
Non-collateralised 
lending -40 -81 229 448 150 19 50 81 35 4,961
Household -76 -5 1,311 87 534 74 154 306 23 150,703
Public sector -1 -2 20 49 2 1 0 1 5 4,119
Loans to the public -198 -7 2,945 106 1,595 174 357 1,064 36 276,204
1) Including provisions for off-balance sheet exposures.
2) Allowances for stage 3 divided by exposures in stage 3.

===== SIDA 290 =====

Nordea Annual Report 2025 289
Introduction Strategic report Our stakeholders Business areas Board of Directors’ report Financial statements Other
G11 Risk and liquidity management, cont.
Loans to the public measured at amortised cost, geographical breakdown 1
Gross Allowances
EURm Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Net
31 Dec 2025, EURm
Denmark 24,232 1,404 547 12 84 219 25,868
Finland 61,116 6,182 1,350 31 101 456 68,060
Norway 68,255 3,865 539 37 40 118 72,464
Sweden 104,745 2,676 626 36 45 153 107,813
Russia 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
US 3,087 9 1 1 1 0 3,095
Other 15,195 162 69 3 4 28 15,391
Total 276,631 14,298 3,132 120 275 974 292,692
31 Dec 2024, EURm
Denmark 24,274 1,425 585 33 94 283 25,874
Finland 59,238 6,704 1,235 36 134 405 66,602
Norway 66,233 4,805 563 52 55 149 71,345
Sweden 92,626 3,243 497 49 68 202 96,047
Russia 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
US 2,837 5 1 0 1 0 2,842
Other 13,288 175 64 4 5 25 13,493
Total 258,497 16,357 2,945 174 357 1,064 276,204
1) Based on the customer’s country of domicile.

===== SIDA 291 =====